[Capital Watch] Beijing, how to read the "True Classics"
Beijing, a historical and cultural city with a history of more than 3,000 years and a history of more than 860 years, was re-established as the national capital more than 60 years ago. After several attempts to locate itself, it finally clarified the strategic positioning of the city in the past five years.
More than three years ago, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, who was born and raised here, visited Beijing, he made a final decision: adhere to and strengthen the core functions of the national political center, cultural center, international exchange center and scientific and technological innovation center of the capital, thoroughly implement the strategy of humanistic Beijing, scientific and technological Beijing and green Beijing, and strive to build Beijing into a world-class harmonious and livable capital.
Continue to exert strength on the word "sparse", maintain a certain strength on the word "shed" and concentrate on the word "excellent".
From actively implementing the coordinated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, to "embroidering" the old city, from formulating the new master plan of the capital to speeding up the construction of the sub-center of the city, in the past five years, Beijing, the capital that has further defined the strategic positioning of the city, has a blueprint drawn to the end: actively promoting the reorganization of urban functions, creating a brand-new urban spatial structure, promoting upgrading through relief and rectification, and vigorously promoting transformation, innovation and green development. The land of 16,000 square kilometers glows with a brand-new atmosphere: the land is greener, the traffic is more developed, the level of industrial structure is higher, and the people have a better sense of acquisition …
Stripping off "cabbage gang" and developing "cabbage heart";
Reducing development helps the Millennium ancient capital "take off lightly"
In Chaoyang District, Beijing, with the improvement of water bodies and the retreat of 1.45 million square meters of low-end industries along the coast, 710,000 square meters of majiawan Wetland Park has been built along the once black and smelly Xiao Taihou River. The park has become a good place for nearby residents to have fun.
"I’m really worth buying a house here!" Lao Zhang bought a house by the river 10 years ago, and now he plays in the wetland park with his grandson every day, smiling from ear to ear at the changes in the environment.
The changes of the Xiao Taihou River, like a mirror, reflect the great changes in Beijing in the past few years: Beijing, the capital, has solved many problems that it has long wanted to solve but failed to do, and has accomplished many major events that it wanted to do in the past.
Renovating the wall and digging holes, transforming the urban-rural junction, and dismantling the general manufacturing industry … Since 2017, Beijing has further grasped the "bull nose" of dismantling non-capital functions and vigorously carried out the special action of "dismantling rectification and promoting upgrading". Beijing, a thousand-year-old ancient capital, is undergoing a "reborn" change.
From January to August this year, Beijing demolished 38.34 million square meters of illegal construction, 2.9 times that of last year; Renovation of more than 25,000 "opening walls and drilling holes", completing 155.7% of the annual plan; Relieve 599 general manufacturing enterprises and complete 119.8% of the annual plan; 4,858 "scattered pollution" enterprises were rectified, and 83.3% of the annual plan was completed …

On December 1, 2016, workers demolished the illegal construction of a single-family courtyard in Wang Hongbin Street. Xinhua News Agency reporter Luo Xiaoguang photo
Behind a series of figures is the change of development thinking-"reducing development", which has entered the vision of the capital governor.
"Building a world-class harmonious and livable capital is a new historical mission of Beijing, a great city, for the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core has taken overall development, grasped the trend of the times, put forward new requirements and placed new expectations on the development of the capital." Cai Qi, secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, said that Beijing should pay more attention to reduction and intensification, strictly control the size of the city, "slim down and keep fit" and effectively solve the "big city disease".
"Beijing will strictly control the total scale of urban and rural construction land, and implement the increase and decrease linkage and decrease development." A distinctive feature of the Beijing Urban Master Plan (2016 -2030) (Draft for Review), which was studied and discussed at the 14th Plenary Session of the 11th Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, is that it highlights the development of reduction and determines the upper limit of the total population, the ecological control line and the urban development boundary.
Faced with the problems of overpopulation, traffic congestion, air pollution and other "big city diseases", Beijing has determined that the permanent population should be controlled within 23 million in 2020 in accordance with the requirements of setting the city by water and setting people by water. The scale of urban and rural construction land will be reduced to about 2,860 square kilometers in 2020 and 2,760 square kilometers in 2030 on the basis of the current 2,921 square kilometers.
Construction land, not increasing but decreasing! Li Sufang, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, said that this marks a new stage in the development of the capital.
Since 2015, Beijing has set out to formulate the first list of new industrial prohibitions and restrictions aimed at controlling "big city diseases". According to the catalogue, the proportion of forbidden industries in the city’s national economic industry classification reached 55%, and the six districts of the city reached 79%. Since the implementation of the catalogue, Beijing has refused to handle a total of 17,000 industrial and commercial registration businesses.
From "gathering resources for growth" to "relaxing functions for development", Beijing is realizing an unprecedented transformation. The coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has become a national strategy for more than three years. Many fields in Beijing have undergone profound changes: more than 370 wholesale markets and logistics bases such as "moving approval", Dahongmen and Tianyi have been adjusted and eliminated, and more than 1,300 general manufacturing enterprises have been eliminated; Beijing city university, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture and other universities have sent 16,000 students to the new campus outside the Fifth Ring Road …
"The reduction of development is actually for better development." Wang Kai, vice president of China Urban Planning and Design Institute, said that the reduction of the capital has released a new signal of China’s urban development: paying more attention to quality, being more livable and making people’s lives better.

On September 16th, Tianyi Market, the largest wholesale and retail market of small commodities in Beijing, closed its business (photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Chenlin).
The change of industrial structure is the most convincing.
The data shows that in Beijing, the number of newly established market entities in the strictly regulated manufacturing, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, wholesale and retail industries decreased by 72.75%, 26.42% and 18.36% respectively in 2016, while the financial industry, culture, sports, entertainment and science and technology services that were not included in the ban increased by 12.77%, 26.76% and 22.53% respectively.
"This" three rises and three falls "shows that by doing subtraction, Beijing is stripping off the" cabbage gang ",focusing on the development of" cabbage heart ",speeding up the construction of a" sophisticated "economic structure, and exploring a new way of reducing development, slimming and strengthening the body, improving quality and increasing efficiency." Liu Bozheng, deputy director of the Beijing Leading Group Office for Promoting the Coordinated Development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, said.
From "unicorns" to "sophisticated"
Economic structure: the image of "the capital of innovation and entrepreneurship" stands out.
South of the East Gate of Tsinghua University, a street only 380 meters long is becoming a new bright spot in China’s intelligent manufacturing industry-this is Zhongguancun Zhizao Street.
Only over a year after the opening of the street, 88 enterprises have gathered around the key links of the intelligent manufacturing industry chain on the land of 32,000 square meters, with an occupancy rate of over 95%. There are 368 enterprises and projects in total, and the average income per meter of the street is 260 million yuan. An intelligent manufacturing industry highland with international innovation has gradually taken shape.
"Intellectual creation" is the commanding height of future manufacturing competition.
Beijing, which further defines the strategic positioning of the city, is accelerating the transformation from "Made in Beijing" to "Created in Beijing", and the industrial structure is accelerating towards "sophisticated".
Smart logistics represented by distribution robots, the world’s largest recombinant protein bank, and the world’s first deafness gene detection chip for clinical diagnosis … On September 16th, the "National Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation Week" was opened, and 106 enterprises from 20 technological innovation centers in Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone made wonderful appearances at the Yizhuang venue in Beijing, with a concentrated display of more than 260 key technologies and innovative products, which was dazzling and dazzling.
In the past five years, Beijing has thoroughly implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, accelerated the formation of competitive advantages and growth momentum with international influence, and further played the role of demonstration and radiation. Zhongguancun Science City, Huairou Science City, Future Science City and Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone "three cities and one district" have become the main focus of innovation and development in the capital Beijing.
As the first of the "three cities", Zhongguancun Science City, whose scope has now been expanded to the whole area of Haidian, has been at the forefront of scientific and technological innovation in China, gathering a large number of innovative elements, forming the most complete and complete strategic emerging industrial cluster in China, and has a forward-looking layout in cutting-edge technical fields such as industrial control, artificial intelligence and big data, next-generation Internet and integrated circuits.

On September 15th, the theme exhibition of Beijing venue of 2017 National Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation Week kicked off in Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone Exhibition Center.
In order to build a "sophisticated" economic structure, Beijing formulated and issued the "Made in China 2025" Beijing Action Plan in 2015, proposing to fully implement the "3458" action plan in the next five to ten years, focusing on cultivating new industrial ecology and implementing eight major industrial projects, including integrated circuits, intelligent manufacturing systems and services, new generation health diagnosis and treatment services, cloud computing and big data.
Here, a series of "Beijing creations" were born-
Developed China’s first embedded neural network processor "Starlight Intelligent No.1" and realized mass production; Realize the computational modeling and simulation of tens of millions of neural networks; Beidou navigation technology level leads the country; BOE released the world’s thinnest 64-inch 8K ultra HD display and 82-inch 10K curved display products …
In the first half of 2017, the added value of high-tech manufacturing and strategic emerging industries in Beijing increased by 18.2% and 12.7% respectively. Since the second half of last year, Beijing has established five national and municipal industrial innovation centers. It has become a reality in Beijing that high-end industries lead growth.
This is an "innovative Beijing" that can embrace the future-
Cloud computing and big data industry represent the development trend of high-tech industry. Beijing has adopted the "fund+base" model, and successively laid out China Cloud Industrial Park, Zhongguancun Cloud Computing Industrial Base and other professional parks, bringing together nearly 100 cloud-related enterprises represented by well-known enterprises such as Baidu, Jinshan and JD.COM, and Zhongguancun has also brought together about 60% of big data enterprises.
The third tide of artificial intelligence is now sweeping the world. By the end of 2016, there were more than 240 artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing, with a total of 7,841 patent applications. According to incomplete statistics, Zhongguancun artificial intelligence enterprises realized a total income of 412.25 billion yuan.
This is a vibrant capital of innovation and entrepreneurship-

On September 15th, the theme exhibition of Beijing venue of 2017 National Mass Entrepreneurship Innovation Week kicked off in Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone Exhibition Center (photo by Zhang Chenlin).
Since the opening of the street in June 2014, Zhongguancun Venture Street and its resident institutions have accumulated 1,900 incubation teams, including 222 returnees and foreign teams; 743 loans were obtained, with a financing success rate of 39%, with a total financing amount of 9.104 billion yuan and an average financing amount of 12.25 million yuan. Among them, there are more than 40 enterprises with financing exceeding 100 million yuan and 2 unicorn enterprises.
Beijing has a good ecological environment for innovation and entrepreneurship. According to the 2016 China Unicorn Enterprise Development Report, there are 131 unicorn enterprises in China, including 65 in Beijing, accounting for half of the national total.
Xiaomi, Didi Chuxing, and contempt for science and technology … Zhongguancun has become a breeding ground for original industries second only to Silicon Valley. The field of entrepreneurial innovation has gradually expanded from the past Internet and creative design to professional frontiers such as artificial intelligence and subversive new materials, and the hard power of science and technology has been significantly enhanced.
This is a magnet-like place-
Intel, Microsoft, Apple … More and more overseas technology giants set up R&D institutions or laboratories in Beijing, which has become a new phenomenon in the innovation and entrepreneurship ecology of Zhongguancun, Beijing.
Wang Delu, director of Beijing Great Wall Enterprise Strategy Research Institute, believes that the greatest value of Zhongguancun lies in its creativity, breaking through the "from 0 to 1" innovation, incubating and extending, and gradually radiating to the whole country.
From "Old City" to "Old City": Polishing "Gold Business Card",
Beijing is marching towards a world famous cultural city.
Beijing is the city with the most cultural heritage in the world.
"History and culture are the soul of the city. We should protect the historical and cultural heritage of the city as we cherish our own life. Beijing is a world-famous ancient capital, and its rich historical and cultural heritage is a golden business card. It is the responsibility of the capital to inherit and protect this precious historical and cultural heritage. " In February, 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a speech to hit the floor when he visited Beijing.
Beijing, which further defines the strategic positioning of the city, carefully re-examines its history and culture.
In June 2016, Beijing issued the opinion of comprehensively deepening reform and improving the management level of urban planning and construction, and put forward the concept of "comprehensive protection": building a comprehensive protection pattern and improving the comprehensive protection mechanism.
"Comprehensive protection is to protect all the historical and cultural elements of Beijing’s ancient capital in different levels, types, times and regions, and to create a great capital with a sense of history and modernity." Wang Fei, deputy director of Beijing Municipal Planning and Land Commission, said.
From protecting the central axis of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties, to highlighting the unique urban pattern composed of four battlements: Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, and then to restoring the unique traditional architectural form of "Hutong-Siheyuan" in Beijing, Beijing plans to strengthen the overall protection of the old city from 10 aspects.
Cultural relics such as the Great Hall of the Xuanzang and the Shouhuang Temple in Jingshan have been repaired, and national key cultural relics protection units such as the Imperial Temple and the Confucius Temple have been opened to the public. Sites such as the South Central Axis Road and the Ming City Wall have basically recovered their historical features and built heritage parks … In recent years, Beijing has actively explored ways to protect and upgrade the core areas that can be popularized and replicated.
"More points and one city, reorganization of the old city" and "Promoting the implementation of the old city reorganization" … From the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development planning outline deliberated and studied at the 9th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group two years ago to the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Beijing and the Plan for Strengthening the Construction of the National Cultural Center in the 13th Five-Year Plan of Beijing in 2016, the concept of "old city" has gradually entered the vision of the central and capital policy makers.
"Literally,’ old’ is more historical than’ old’. Saying’ old city’ is a respect for the historical accumulation of the city and a recognition and embodiment of value. " Wang Kai said.
The old city, can’t tear down!
Once upon a time, with the development of the city and the population gathering, the hutongs and former residences in the old city of Beijing decreased little by little with the rumble of bulldozers.

Feng Wenkui, 56, moved back to No.15 Peizhi Hutong, Dashilan Street, Beijing from the building in Shijingshan District a few years ago to take care of her old mother who is over 80 years old (photo taken on December 25, 2016).
"At the beginning of this century, we heard that this piece was going to be demolished." Fan Liandi, 71, of No.8 Courtyard of Dazhiqiao Hutong in Xicheng District, Beijing, feels that this hutong outside Xuanwu Gate has been listed as a historical protection area in the northwest of Xuanxuan. Not only will it not be demolished, but it will also be upgraded and restored through the renovation of back streets and alleys.
In the Hutong Lane of Dazhiqiao, the No.12 Courtyard not far from No.8 Courtyard is the Yangjiao Mountain Temple, the famous place where "writing on the bus" took place in modern history.
"There used to be more than 100 households here, and only 16 households did not vacate. It is planned to vacate all this year." Huang Kongyan, director of the Propaganda Department of the Party Committee of Guang ‘anmen Neijie Street, said, "There were many clubs and former residences in the south of the city. In the next few years, the historical features will be gradually restored here. "
The change of Dazhiqiao Hutong is just a microcosm.
—— In order to realize the revival of historical and cultural blocks, in 2015, Beijing started the renovation of four hutongs in Nanluoguxiang, namely, Fuxiang, Suoyi, Yuer and Maoer, and implemented a voluntary application system for residents to vacate.
-Dashilan’s "Beijing Square" building cluster completed at the beginning of this year is particularly eye-catching. One main street, three squares and many hutongs … integrating the protection of cultural relics and the development of new formats, "Beijing Square" has become a "Chinese-style life experience area" centered on eight cluster buildings along the street, including Centennial Quanyechang, Qianxiangyi and the former site of Bank of Communications.
In April, the capital issued an action plan, and put forward a three-year governance plan of "creating nothing in ten" for 2,435 back streets and alleys in the east and west cities of the core area, such as selfless construction, no opening walls and holes, no overhead lines, and the creation of civilized blocks.
With the rapid progress of governance, streets and hutongs have changed their appearance: at Qianmen, after the reconstruction of Sanlihe River, which originated in the Ming Dynasty, the water surrounds the courtyard, which is better than Jiangnan; In Guijie, the streets with numerous potential safety hazards and dirty sanitation have been comprehensively rectified …
Not long ago, the underground reconstruction project of power overhead lines in Beijing’s core area started. By the end of this year, there will be more than 800 back streets and alleys in the core area of the capital to bid farewell to the "spider web" in the air.
"The sky we look up to will no longer be broken." Sun Xinjun, director of the Beijing Urban Management Committee, said, "The future of Beijing will fully reflect the style of the capital, the charm of the ancient capital and the style of the times."
In addition to the old city, Beijing has also put forward the work goal of building three cultural belts: the Great Wall, the Western Hills and the Grand Canal during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Shu Xiaofeng, director of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics, said that the planning of the three cultural belts is in full swing. After implementation, it will help to open up the historical context of the ancient capital Beijing and lay the foundation for building a basic pattern of comprehensive protection of the ancient capital of Beijing.
Aiming at being a world famous cultural city and a symbol of the world context, Beijing not only has the "golden business card" of history and culture, but also the cultural and creative industries are becoming the new bright color of the ancient capital Beijing.
From design services to digital content, from network audio-visual to special effects production … In the first half of 2017, the corporate income of cultural and creative industries above designated size in Beijing reached 690.27 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 36.42%, and the role of cultural and creative industries in promoting the economic growth of the capital was continuously strengthened.
"Looking back on the work in the past five years, we deeply feel that encouraging and profound changes have taken place in Beijing. The quality of development has improved, the ecological environment has improved, the urban and rural areas have become brighter, the service guarantee has been enriched, the people’s sense of gain has increased, and the leading role of party building has been strengthened, and the road ahead has become wider and wider." On June 19th, Cai Qi concluded at the 12th Party Congress in Beijing.
"Great progress has been made in building a world-class harmonious and livable capital, taking the lead in building a well-off society in an all-round way, successfully hosting a wonderful, extraordinary and outstanding Olympic Games, initially forming a new situation of coordinated development and mutual benefit between Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and further improving the quality of urban development, living environment, people’s quality of life and urban competitiveness." At this meeting, the blueprint of the capital for the next five years has been drawn.
Five years of gathering, a new chapter in the ancient capital spectrum. Beijing, the avenue is in sight and the light is ahead. (Half-monthly talk with reporter Li Bin, Kong Xiangxin Yang Na)
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