CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a cold wave blue warning at 10: 00 on December 9:

　　Affected by the cold wave, it is estimated that from 14: 00 on December 9 to 08: 00 on December 12, the temperature will drop by 6 ~ 10℃ in parts of the southeastern part of northwest China, northeast China, North China, Huanghuai, Jianghan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan and northern South China, and the temperature drop in eastern Heilongjiang, southern North China and Huanghuai can reach more than 12℃. On the morning of the 12th, the lowest temperature line of 0℃ will be pushed southward to the area from central Hubei to northern Jiangsu and Anhui.

　　It is estimated that from 14: 00 on December 9 to 14: 00 on December 11, the temperature in most parts of Northeast China, southern North China, most of Huanghuai, most of Jianghan and western Jiangnan will drop by 6 ~ 10℃ successively, among which the temperature in some areas of eastern Heilongjiang, southwestern Shanxi, western Huanghuai and northern Hubei can reach above 10℃.

　　Defense guide:

　　1, the government and relevant departments in accordance with their duties to prepare for the cold wave;

　　2. Pay attention to adding clothes to keep warm;

　　3. Take certain protective measures for tropical crops and aquatic products;

　　4. Prepare for the wind.

Introduction:

On August 24th, the latest issue of Horizon’s "Hello, Developer" Autopilot Technology Special Session was successfully broadcast in the Zhidong Open Class.

The special session was given by Dr. algorithm engineer Zhu Hongmei, Horizon Perception, with the theme of BEV Perception Scheme and Deployment Practice Based on Journey 5. This article is a record of the lecture session of this special session. If you need live playback and Q&A, you can click

Good evening, friends of the open class of Zhidong. I’m Perception algorithm engineer Zhu Hongmei from the horizon, and I’m honored to share with you today "Ji"BEV awareness scheme and deployment practice in Journey 5》。 I will introduce it from five aspects.

01

General introduction of BEV perception framework

With the release of Journey 5 in 2021, we designed the sensing prototype scheme of BEV based on Journey 5. The input is vehicle-mounted multi-angle image sequence or multi-mode signal, and the fusion of time and space dimensions is carried out within the network, so that the neural network can output the dynamic and static sensing and prediction results from a bird’s-eye view.

Below is a frame diagram.

The green background part represents the signal processing of pure vision, and the input is the images of each camera. After the first stage of model extraction, the image features are transformed into multi-view spatial fusion from BEV perspective. Then, the features of BEV are fused in time sequence, and then sent to the second stage for feature extraction on BEV; Finally, input it to the head part for the output of perceptual elements. If there is a Lidar in the system, it will also be connected to the Lidar point cloud. In the early stage, we will do rasterization coding processing, and we will also do time sequence fusion. Finally, we will do intermediate fusion with visual BEV features, and also send them to the second stage to output the perceptual elements on BEV.

The blue part is the closed-loop iteration that has participated in many rounds. Students who pay attention to the horizon should know that at the Shanghai Auto Show in April this year, this part of the content has supported the closed-loop demo display of real cars. In recent six months, we have expanded the function of "dynamic obstacle detection" in sensing elements. Based on it, we connected the head of Transformer to do the Track id, speed estimation and trajectory prediction of dynamic obstacles. The dotted line part is currently under development, and we also want to make full use of the dynamic and static sensing results on BEV to output the interactive elements of dynamic and static sensing, such as behavior prediction.

There are two main modes of pure vision scheme here. One is the 11v integration scheme for double Journey 5; The other is a single journey chip-oriented scheme, in which 7v for driving and 5v for parking are integrated. Today’s sharing mainly focuses on the integration of time and space in the visual scheme, the analysis of perceptual elements, and the introduction of dynamic, especially dynamic perceptual prediction end-to-end scheme and deployment.

02

Spatio-temporal fusion module and chip deployment

Firstly, it is introduced that the four-plane space fusion method is adopted at the end of the plate at present. It takes the xy plane of the self-propelled coordinate system as the basic plane, and adds three height planes on this basis, hoping to obtain more scene image information with different heights. Time series fusion is relatively simple. We will cache the features after time series fusion at the last moment, align the historical frames to the current frame by using the self-driving motion between frames, and fuse them with the spatial fusion features of the current frame, and then deconvolution them and send them to the following network structure for perceptual output.

So why do we use this scheme?

In the early stage of research and development, we also compared different spatial fusion methods. In the early stage, in order to quickly get through the process, we adopted the simplest method based on single plane IPM to get through the perception of the whole framework. After that, I went to find out the depth-based fusion and transformer-based fusion scheme on Journey 5. The assessment dimension is the delay in Journey 5, assuming that the prerequisite is to be able to independently run this model above 30fps on the single core of Journey 5 to design the corresponding network parameters.

There are two key parameters that affect the perceptual performance of BEV, one is the resolution of image feature in one stage, and the other is the fusion resolution on BEV. The fusion resolution on BEV is relatively direct, and the higher the resolution, the better the perception of some small targets and point elements. Image resolution determines the amount of information input in two stages.

Here is a lane line simulation diagram, and the physical dimensions of each lane line are the same. Because it is perspective projection, the farther the lane line is in the image, the fewer pixels it will have. BEV indexing image features is generally a process of reverse realization, while BEV is generally designed with equal resolution, such as 0.6 and 0.4 m Grid resolution. When the distant objects in the scene are indexed by the coordinates of BEV, the physical resolution of the pixels in the image is already lower than that on BEV, and at this time, feature duplication will appear on BEV, which is a common stretching phenomenon. Reflected in the perception, for example, the detection box may have the phenomenon that the target splits into a string, so the feature resolution in one stage is also very important.

We grab the middle column of pixels to simulate the contrast of Z-value changes between two adjacent rows of pixels in 2M image and 8M image at 50m. It can be seen that the physical range of the low-resolution image corresponding to two adjacent rows of pixels has changed by more than 2 meters. For a high-resolution image, its adjacent two pixels are only about 0.6 meters. Therefore, when looking at the fusion scheme, we should not only consider whether a single task meets certain accuracy requirements, but also consider the final deployment, because it is multi-task and different perceptual elements output, so we hope that the resolution of one-stage feature and BEV fusion can be higher.

From this point of view, the current structure based on Transformer can meet the requirements of Journey 5, single core and 30+FPS, and the first-stage resolution and the second-stage fusion resolution are relatively low, and the delay is too high under this condition. However, the depth-based fusion method is lower than single plane in one stage. In addition, one reason for not adopting it is that the depth-based deployment has made some specific improvements for Journey 5, reaching a two-phase delay of 9.6 ms. In the stage of prototype verification, the flexibility of carrying different numbers of cameras on the car is not enough, so we adopt the plane mapping fusion method at this stage. In the early stage, we used a single plane, but when we actually did the closed-loop verification, we found that the generality and robustness of camera parameters were not enough, and it was sensitive. Therefore, we improved it in the further research and development process. Through various tests and verifications, we finally adopted the four-plane fusion method, which can achieve a good balance between performance and delay.

For time series fusion, different time series fusion methods will also be compared in the early stage of research and development. The basic method is to align the historical BEV features to the current frame and use different fusion methods to do time series fusion. Here is also a comparison of the fusion of different frames, with the experimental data accumulated at that time to do 10 frames of verification. In the case of 10 frames, there is an improvement of 3.5 points compared with only space. For latency, it is only increased by 1ms because it is deployed in recurrent mode.

Similarly, we also compare the two methods of obtaining historical frames. One is to intercept historical information at equal time intervals, and the other is at equal space intervals. Equal time interval is to use the system timestamp to index and read the corresponding frame. Equal space interval is to calculate the translation distance with the movement of the vehicle, and then get the frame. Finally, we found that the performance of equal space interval of 6 frames is similar to that of equal time interval of 10 frames, and they can also be combined, but the improvement of more fused frames is not great. Therefore, in order to simplify the deployment, we currently adopt the time series fusion method with equal time intervals.

There may be some differences in the training and deployment of time series fusion. One is the Odometry used when aligning two adjacent frames. In order to make the training model performance consistent with the real vehicle deployment, one principle to be observed is that the model input should be consistent with the board signal as much as possible. We use Odometry of wheel speedometer to do model training, and do tests on Odometry obtained by different methods. It is found that if it is consistent with the inter-frame interval during training, then this factor has little influence. In addition, for example, historical frames are obtained at 100ms intervals, and the model trained with 10fps training data is tested at 10fps, 15fps and 30fps. The conclusion is that if there is a big difference between deployment and training, the index gap will be even bigger. The actual system frame rate is affected by the real-time load of the system, and it may not be completely aligned no matter how to set the inter-frame interval during training. Generally, the perimeter perception can be around 15fps, which can basically meet the functional requirements, and the range of 1.5 points is also acceptable. This part can also make the distribution of time series training data more abundant through some data enhancement methods, and alleviate such problems.

The other is that when the time series is being trained, if there is no specific optimization, with the increase of the number of frames, some OOM(Out of Memorry) problems may occur in the time series data, which leads to the slow training speed. The training method is to adopt the feature cache strategy to alleviate or avoid such problems. However, when deploying on the board side, considering the memory limitation of the board side and the bandwidth loaded back, the most streamlined strategy recurrent mode is finally adopted on the board.

03

Analysis of static and Occupancy perception elements

An important component of static perception is truth value. How did the truth value on BEV come from?

From the very beginning of research and development to the present, three static truth values have been used. At first, high-precision maps were used, and now the truth production link based on multi-mode is used on a large scale. At present, the local mapping results of pure vision are also involved in the training. The quality of the drawings is developed by our company’s special 4D-Label team. At the special session of horizon "Hello, developer" autopilot technology, Dr. Sui Wei, the head of horizon 4D labeling technology, also shared the "4D labeling scheme for BEV perception". If you are interested, you can review it.

For the algorithm, the algorithm students should be more involved in the formulation of labeling rules. Even if the truth value is brushed by the big model, the big model needs the truth value, so the labeling rules need the deep participation of the students of the perceptual algorithm, especially the actual test scenario is very complicated. A reference condition of labeling rules is the Lidar point cloud base map obtained by mapping, which is an intensity map on BEV, and then it can be labeled by referring to images or videos. For example, lane lines should be marked with colors, some functional attributes and some downstream functions that are necessary and cannot be obtained from the Lidar bottom map, all of which need to be combined with images. For pavement signs, they are usually unmarked rotating frames, and for those that need a clear direction, they need to be marked in an orderly sequence. The elements of parking are basically to mark parking spaces, wheel gears, speed bumps and so on by marking key points.

The output of the model corresponds to the annotation. The marked information will be preprocessed to generate the true value of the model. Only when the truth value is supervised output can the downstream functional requirements be met. The lane line output is the position and attribute of the example point column; The intersection point is the position and type of the point; Curbside is also the instance position and type; Pavement discrete signs are detection frames and types. These static perception elements are very rich. For the model scheme, there is a classification learning of foreground extraction, a regression learning of accurate position, and a learning of example features of lane lines. On the whole, the static perception scheme is relatively conventional. When analyzing, line elements such as lane lines will extract the foreground through the score of Class Map, then cluster the points through the Embedding similarity, and reverse the attribute features to index the corresponding features of these points.

For lane lines, in the actual software analysis, we should consider the delay on the software, roughly estimate the direction of lane lines through vertical points according to the preset, and do one-dimensional search along this direction to shorten the post-processing time of lane lines. Now our scheme is newly optimized, and it takes less than 3ms to deal with this part. The analysis of pavement signs, detection points or boxes at intersections is a set of CenterNet: card score→maxpolling→TopK→ attribute extraction → output.

For parking elements, parking spaces will output orderly corner position, occupancy and parking space type direction; The wheel stopper is an orderly end position and type; The underground locks and columns under the parking lot are all output by detection frames, which are the same as the analytical ideas of the previous points and line frames. The parking space here has two small head, one of which is to obtain the overall attributes of the parking space, such as its occupancy, and whether the parking space type is parallel or vertical. There is also a Local head to accurately estimate the corner of the location, because the accuracy of this corner of the location is very high. After getting a more accurate one, calculate the point matching with the rough corner position obtained under global. Because this point is orderly, you can just card a distance threshold. After matching, you can get an accurate corner coordinate by replacing the corner coordinate.

This is our performance. The 2D perception scheme of horizon has been polished for a long time before, which is equivalent to having a good reference baseline for BEV perception.

Compared with the 2D scheme, lane lines and road signs have a great improvement in ranging, such as lane lines in different distance sections, arrows and stop lines of road signs. For parking spaces, Horizon also has a pre-fusion scheme. Before being sent to the network, four fish-eye images are fused by IPM to get an IPM image covering 360 degrees around the car, and then integrated into the network to output parking spaces. Now BEV is introduced in the previous framework, and feature are fused inside the model. At present, there are also great improvements in these three class libraries.

Take a look at this video, which is a visual display of a high-speed lane line, with a wide dotted line, and then get off the ramp. Here is a diversion point, a change point between reality and reality, and the arrow represents the direction.

For the perception of parking space, a parking scene is chosen here, where the red line represents the entrance line, the yellow X represents the occupation, the yellow box is the pillar of the parking lot, and the grass green is the wheel stopper.

Let’s talk about the perception of Occupancy. First of all, Occupancy is a 2D occupancy graph based on Journey 5, which is a binary graph, where 0 means unoccupied and 1 means occupied. We call it Freespace internally. The traditional Freespace is image segmentation and post-processing to calculate the drivable area under BEV. It is more natural to do it on BEV, and output such a binary image directly on BEV. Its true value depends on Lidar segmentation model+detection model+threshold of cloud card height of multi-frame aggregation point to obtain some obstacles on the ground. Lidarseg mainly obtains the basic surface first, and takes the road plane as the drivable area; Lidar3D detection is to supplement the true value of dynamic obstacles in the white list.

The other output is Vismask. It mainly describes the area that the vehicle can see in the image at the current moment, and also uses Lidarseg model and 3D detection model. Image segmentation combined with back projection of point cloud can get the points that can be seen under BEV, calculate the ray according to the semantics and camera parameters, and then calculate the surface paved by the points that can be seen in the image in the self-propelled coordinate system, and then flatten them in the height direction of point cloud to get the visible Grid points on BEV. Why do you need 3D detection? Because when the ray hits the point cloud, it is a surface. We want the whole object of the surface boundary to be visible, so we need a 3D detection frame to supplement the object of the boundary, thus obtaining the true values of these two tasks. Perception model is a relatively simple binary classification model. Vismask’s 0 means invisible and 1 means visible.

Because these two tasks are dense outputs, when actually doing this on the board, its bandwidth occupation is relatively large. Usually, we will use a Run Length Encoding (RLE) to compress the result. For example, Freespace, as shown in the following figure, has the same values in a connected region. Run-length coding is used to reduce the bandwidth of the perceptual results transmitted from BPU of Journey 5 to CPU, and a final output binary image can be obtained by doing a back analysis in CPU.

Here is a visual video, and the bar on the left is a response to the fence. This is a specially built evaluation set, including strollers, fallen cones and so on. Here, Freespace is mainly to supplement the perception of non-standard obstacles. In addition, it is also useful to feed back the representation of roadside by Freespace when the downstream closed loop is used.

04

Dynamic Perception Predicting End-to-End and Chip Deployment

Let’s introduce the end-to-end scheme of dynamic sensing prediction and chip deployment.

The end-to-end model, as shown in the previous frame, is followed BEV3D several layers of Transformer decoder to output dynamic end-to-end elements. The multi-scale features extracted by BEV in two stages are reused, and there is a detection head of BEV3D, which regresses to the heatmap and the offset to the precise position to get the possible target position.

For Transformer head, it depends on how the Q/K/V of its input comes from the first layer. There is a construction part of the input. First of all, "q" is divided into detection query and Track query. Detect the position embedding； of query, which is the position parsed from BEV3D head and obtained by MLP; Context embedding is learnable and can be initialized randomly.

For the position embedding of Track query, the position of the previous frame will be used, and the self-vehicle motion between frames will be aligned to the current frame to eliminate the self-vehicle motion. Then, the position of the current frame is estimated by combining the speed estimation result of the previous frame itself, and the position embedding of Track query is obtained by MLP. Its context embedding was also randomly initialized and learnable at the beginning, which resulted in "Q".

"K" and "V" For BEV, there is a fixed mapping relationship between the pixel coordinates on BEV and the coordinate positions under VCS. Therefore, according to the position of the reference point, its pixel coordinates on multiple dimensions of BEV can be calculated reversely. Query also sorts from 0 to N-1, and it has an index, so that the difference between the two coordinates can be calculated into the mapping relationship between them. Then the warping operator, that is, the grid_sample operator, is used to reversely index the BEV region features, and then "K" and "V" are generated through MLP, so that the end-to-end head input is constructed.

One of the differences in Transformer here is that it improves the quantization and efficiency on Journey 5, and removes the MatMul matrix multiplication operator. Here, the commonly used Deformable attention is replaced by warping.

The output layer of end-to-end head is actually several MLPs. Among them, the output of trajectory and speed will pass through Memory bank in order to obtain historical information. The point of the trajectory output here is also the displacement between frames, and the velocity describes the position change of unit time between frames in the future. We think that these changes are not abrupt, but smooth, so we use historical information.

The embedding of history is composed of two parts. The first part is the Oddity of N historical frames and the embedding of query output by Transformer decoder of N historical frames will be stored in Memory bank. Query of the current frame, and pay attention to the time sequence of the current frame and the historical frame for each target. After that, self-attention will also be done among the targets, and finally we define it as Temporal embedding. In addition, speed embedding is added. How did it come from? That is, the position of historical frame N is transferred to the current frame through the odometry of the vehicle motion, and the position of the historical frame under the current frame is obtained, so as to eliminate the vehicle motion and obtain the inter-frame offset. Combining with the frame rate of the system, a time difference can be derived, and the historical inter-frame speed can be estimated. Similarly, after passing an MLP, the embedding of the speed can be obtained. By making a simple concat, the final historical embedding can be obtained and input to the trajectory.

After the model is output, some of it will be analyzed in CPU. For Track query and Detect query, the model output itself will analyze the position, length, width, height, orientation angle, Score confidence and so on. The function of track management is to screen out the Track query of the next frame. Two thresholds are set here. A higher threshold is to filter out the tracked query with higher confidence from all the queries, that is, the tracked query, and identify the newly generated target in the current frame. For the newly generated target, a current maximum id value of +1 is given, and its disappearance time is initialized to 0. For setting a low threshold, I want to recall those targets that have been tracked before, but have low confidence in the current frame due to occlusion and other reasons. If it can be greater than this threshold, and the disappearance time is not greater than the set time, it will continue to be preserved. If the time of disappearance (disp_times) has been greater than the threshold of the number of frames that can be dropped, we will definitely drop this target in this frame.

For the analysis of velocity, the model itself can be directly output, and kinematics post-processing will be added after it comes out. The "z" here is the length, width, height and speed (attribute) of the previous output, which we call observation. The model will also learn from the gain matrix of Kalman, avoiding calculating "k" on CPU, and finally giving the filtered state quantity to the downstream. Compared with the unfiltered operation, this operation has a 19% improvement in speed accuracy. From the visual performance, the speed does appear smoother after this. When updating the embedding of Track query in the next frame, the historical embedding generated in Memory bank will be used. The details of QIM will not be expanded, so you can refer to the implementation of MOTR.

Take a closer look at the performance of the end-to-end model. End-to-end comparison is only detection, tracking and speed estimation through post-processing. The baseline detection compared here is already 3D detection on BEV. Compared with the original 2D detection, it has obvious advantages in ranging. Blue and green are the vertical error percentages of 2D detection in different distance segments, and red and purple are BEV3D. It can be seen that the end-to-end model is more advantageous than BEV3D on the basis of this better baseline.

First of all, take a look at ranging and speed measurement. From end to end, ranging and velocity measurement have obvious advantages on three kinds of dynamic obstacles. The lower the error here, the better, and here is the percentage of error reduction, especially the speed advantage is particularly obvious. Trajectory comparison is a cascade model, its input is the dynamic post-processing of 3D detection on BEV, and some vector information of lane line static post-processing after environmental reconstruction, which is a separate trajectory prediction model. The end-to-end input is the image, and the direct output is the trajectory. Compared with the two, end-to-end has obvious advantages in the position error of this point series.

Here is also a visual video. The box in the picture is the target, the yellow line represents the horizontal and vertical speed, and the pink line is the trajectory. It can be seen that the target coming from the right can appear stably when it passes in front, although it is blocked by the target here. For the speed advantage mentioned just now, especially for the target parked next to it, if it is a detection frame, once the jitter is beyond the range of post-processing energy cover, there will be a relatively large speed, which will trigger a trajectory and cause some brakes of the car. Like here, parked next to it is very stable, and the speed is basically consistent with reality.

05

Real vehicle deployment and closed-loop verification

The last part introduces several key problems related to the model when the real vehicle is closed-loop.

First of all, the model must be quantified and compiled before deployment. Professional quantitative processes and methods, we also arranged an open class to share later. I mainly look at this matter from the perspective of a user.

For the general model, such as CNN-based, we directly single-task float and directly train qat after training, which basically does not lose points. A freezebn will be added in the middle of multiple tasks, so that the counted bn can be applied to each task.

For complex models, a step calibration will be added. The key point here is calibration. Take our end-to-end model deployment as an example. As far as the single-task model is concerned, there are many drop points in the early end-to-end direct float training qat. After consulting my colleagues in the tool chain, I suggest that we do calibration. However, after calibration, it is found that although qat has been greatly improved, it still has a big gap with float. Colleagues in the tool chain suggest fixing the scale of weight or feature. Actually, it is more effective to fix the scale of the feature, but it does not completely solve the problem of qat output of the above tasks from end to end.

So what’s the problem? I also went to some pits. In fact, it is very simple to think about it now. We need to calculate the appropriate feature scale and select the appropriate data when doing calibration. For example, in the early stage, we used the data of urban scenes to estimate the feature scale of speed, and found that the qat index of the trained qat model in high-speed scenes was worse than that of the float. Later, through the tools of the tool chain, the model was analyzed layer by layer and it was found that the problems on the model could not be found. If there is nothing wrong with the model, it is a problem with the data. Finally, we use a high-speed data set. Because calibration itself has few training steps, it is necessary to select the quantity that can cover the perception and reach the upper and lower limits of the maximum and minimum values, so as to estimate a more suitable quantitative scale.

Despite this step, the problem of quantification has been greatly solved. However, the standard of tool chain is generally that the gap between qat and float cannot be greater than 1%. After these two steps, it still can’t reach this level. So what else went wrong? Later, it was also a groping, and it was found that many quantities of 3D perception on BEV were physically meaningful. The final conclusion is to fix the scale for some physical computing layers. Where does the fixed scale come from? For example, as mentioned earlier, the feature on the query index BEV has warping operation, and it has clear physical significance to calculate the two inputs of offset. When the model structure is determined, the maximum and minimum values of the meshgrid on BEV, as well as the maximum and minimum values of the query index, have been determined, so that the maximum and minimum values of the matrix can be calculated, and then the fixed scale can be calculated.

For example, taking odometry as the model input, the data of calibration may be collected at a medium speed, but the speed of the self-propelled vehicle may also change during the actual large-scale data training. Therefore, the maximum and minimum values can also be obtained for this physical quantity with clear rules. With a similar idea, check some numerical calculation layers with physical significance in the network and calculate the fixed scale. Through these operations, the qat problem of the end-to-end model is solved, and it is also a lot of experience. Let’s share it with you.

Quantization is compilation. Compilation means that the compiler directly converts the intermediate format hbir from qat, and finally gets the hbm format deployed on the real board. The specific details are also shared and introduced later. Here is mainly about the performance of BEV perception in actual deployment.

The large-scale BEV is the perception range of 100 forward, 30 backward and 50 left and right respectively, and the small-scale BEV is the perception range of 20 forward and 10 meters in the other three directions, so as to do the element perception on BEV. On the single core of Journey 5, such as a small parking area, the multi-task model of single core and single frame can reach more than 70fps; The wide range of driving can also reach more than 30fps. Even with end-to-end, the model directly output to trajectory prediction can reach more than 20fps, which is in the case of single core. There are two cores on Journey 5, and the frame rate can be further improved in model scheduling.

At the time of deployment, the generalization of the model is tested. Because the model of the customer’s car is different, the corresponding camera installation position and orientation may be different. Our BEV model, especially in the prototype development stage, has many customers who have been verified in the early stage, so a model can support the deployment of multiple models as much as possible, which requires a high generalization of the model. We have also explored a lot, and finally found that the four-plane spatial fusion method introduced earlier has laid a good foundation at the beginning. The example given here is that the training data are all collected by SUV, and the data of cars are used for evaluation. If it is a single plane, it has more than seven drop points compared with four planes.

On the basis of better generalization of the four planes, we will develop some enhancement strategies for training. There are two effective methods here: one is that the BEV model disturbs the image by the camera rpy in one stage, simulates the bumps in the process of vehicle driving, and enhances the image; In addition, it is assumed that the plane is in the place where the angle of view is converted, and then the plane enhancement is made on the plane where the camera leaves VCS, which is also assumed to be the disturbance of rpy.

With these two disturbance strategies, this performance (AP 72.60) can be achieved in the training and training of SUV models and measured in the car data set, which is similar to the performance of an adaptive car model that we have trained with nearly 1 million data collected in about 20 days. Therefore, these strategic feature ensure the generalization of our current BEV perception model in actual deployment.

After deployment, the speed of closed-loop iteration of the model is tested. Especially in the verification stage of the previous prototype scheme, the demo closed-loop verification of different real vehicle installation and deployment is supported through a total version. For the BEV training framework, any camera configuration can be supported. For example, 11v/9v/7v, 7v may replace the 4v panoramic view with 4v fisheye, or any other multiple perspectives, all of which can participate in the model training. When deploying, compile according to the corresponding camera configuration, and then you can do the corresponding test.

The other is the training speed of the model, especially after the time series fusion. Without optimization, if a single frame is trained for 5 days and 10 frames are linear, it will bring 10 times the training time, which is definitely unacceptable. We definitely need to do optimization, and some students who have developed the framework specially guide us to do optimization. At present, the training speed has increased by 56% after optimization.

Specifically, at present, the multi-task release, multi-task with more than a dozen task heads, and the end-to-end training of time sequence can be completed within one week. The later evaluation or the case CICD of some historical data are all automated, thus ensuring the efficiency of the training and distribution step.

Another important factor, especially in the early stage of real vehicle testing, will feed back some non-working case-bad case data. How to use these data in training? There are generally two kinds of optimization for Badcase: one is to mine from the collected data, which is more conventional; The other is to be able to use the returned Badcase data directly.

For things like 2D perception, the link we did in mass production before was relatively mature. For BEV perception, the difference is to see how the model of the brush library comes from or how the data sent to the target comes from. For dynamics, a pure visual large model is used, which is not limited by on-board op and computational power. We have a big model team, and the pure visual BEV big model specially developed has also been used in the dynamic Badcase processing link to generate a pseudo GT to participate in the training. Static, a purely visual mapping scheme, can also send the base map to the standard, and has been deployed to the static perception Badcase link on BEV. In fact, after the deployment of the model, many of them are infrastructure problems. At present, the infrastructure of horizon’s perception of BEV is basically mature.

That’s all I shared today, mainly to convey a few meanings. First of all, based on the fact that Journey 5 can do many things, we have also done many things on it. For the BEV sensing scheme, we can see that we have a better baseline for reference and iteration, so the conclusion is relatively solid.

In addition, if some online students are developing based on Journey 5, or are about to develop based on Journey 5, when you encounter quantitative problems, don’t give up too early. Besides considering the model structure, analyze the data from the perspective of physical meaning and give it a suitable scale.

Finally, I wish everyone a smooth development, and my sharing today is over. Thank you!

documentary

Quest for Guiyang

Premiere time: March 25th.

Broadcasting platforms: Tencent Video and Guizhou Satellite TV.

Producer: Propaganda Department of Guiyang Municipal Committee of CPC, Daolai Media.

The third work of Daolai Media’s "Xunwei" series. "Exploring Guiyang" takes authentic food as a thread, revolves around the three dimensions of "mountain", "water" and "city", and presents the relationship between food and humanity, history and style with a beautiful and pyrotechnic lens. Since the launch of the program, it has caused widespread discussion. Tencent’s video heat value is 6178, and Douban score is 8.3.

Next meal Jianghu 2

Premiere time: July 28th.

Broadcast platform: iQiyi

Producers: iQiyi, Luming Literature Film, Qujiang Film, Meilin Culture, Fantasy Country.

The series "Going to the Jianghu" is the key IP of the iQiyi food documentary track, and iQiyi’s "Qingchuang Documentary" plan was selected as the first project. The film links "Jianghu" with food and diners, taking the city as the container and vivid characters as the carrier, showing the food culture with regional characteristics. This season, we will continue our previous "Jianghu" temperament and continue to look for the most authentic food with fireworks in eight cities.

Hunan cuisine with proud peppers 2

Premiere time: September 19th.

Broadcasting platforms: Hunan Satellite TV and Mango TV.

Producer: Hunan Satellite TV, Time Huaying

Taking Hunan as the origin, from taste to Taoism, food reflects Hunan’s food culture and customs. According to the 2021 Annual Audience Analysis Report of the State Administration of Radio and Television, Hunan Cuisine of Aojiao ranked second in the first quarter in the annual audience rating of prime-time documentaries. In the second season, we will continue to focus on the tradition of Huxiang cuisine, which is based on time and place, and show the wisdom of chefs in the countryside between cities and the thousands of years of dietary customs in Huxiang.

Jianghu restaurant 3

First broadcast time: November 2.

Broadcast platform: Youku

Producer: Youku

Documentary series of high-reputation food. As its name suggests, the program is full of Jianghu atmosphere and towniness, and tells a generation of "Jianghu chefs" or ordinary or legendary life stories in the streets with young and interesting language. This season continues the exploration of authentic Jianghu cuisine in the first two seasons, focusing on the presentation of "spicy taste". By excavating spicy food hidden in the streets, the unique charm of six spicy food cities is displayed.

Breakfast China 4

Premiere time: November 7th.

Broadcasting platforms: Tencent Video, Southeast Satellite TV and Strait Satellite TV.

Producers: Tencent Video, Southeast Satellite TV and Strait Satellite TV.

Breakfast China has aired 100 episodes since 2019. The scores of douban in the first three seasons were 8.0, 8.7 and 8.8. This season continues the three characteristics of "fireworks", "fun" and "healing" in the first three seasons, and continues to take root in the streets and lanes of the city, looking for the simple people who like local food and make food, and recording the work and life of the people with the lens, as well as the smiles that bloom because of tasting delicious food.

Flavor World 4 Grain Planet

First broadcast time: November 24th.

Broadcast platform: Tencent video

Producer: Daolai Media, Penguin Film and Television.

The well-known food documentary IP "Flavor World" has gained a good reputation in the first three seasons, with douban scores of 9.0, 9.0 and 8.4. The fourth season focuses on cereals, excavating and displaying the map of world food, and reflecting the unique side of the world’s food wisdom and Chinese’s personality from the food.

variety; shows

"punch in! Chihuo Tuan 2

Theme: outdoor food fun experience reality show

Premiere time: July 30th.

Broadcasting platforms: Dragon TV, Mango TV and Mi Gu Video.

Producers: Dragon TV, Happy Media and Chengdu Wenlv.

Starting from food, we can appreciate the eating habits and customs of different cities during our travel. Food combines guest interpretation and game interaction to show the profoundness of Chinese traditional culture. The form of "browsing and eating"+companion attribute makes the program show a natural intimacy, and the douban score is 8.2.

"Eating" for 18,000 Li "

Subject: Real-life reasoning, food exploration reality show

Premiere time: August 5.

Broadcasting platforms: Zhejiang Satellite TV, iQiyi, BesTV and China Blue TV.

Producer: Zhejiang Satellite TV, Fun New Media.

Through the way of star punching experience, on-the-spot story visit and real-life reasoning exploration, the contemporary rural development picture is vividly displayed, so that the audience can feel the positive style of people pursuing a better life while enjoying the delicious food and beautiful scenery. The program Douban scored 8.4.

How about going to your house for dinner 2

Subject: Documentary program of hometown humanistic plot

Premiere time: August 25th.

Broadcast platform: bilibili

Producer: Li Li Li

The program focuses on "Family Banquet, Family and Hometown Stories", and guests invite friends to start a "home-cooked food trip" with the theme of "going home for dinner", recording the friendship of young people, recalling unforgettable growth experiences and telling different forms of family stories. In the second season, apart from bilibili UP, there are also representatives from all walks of life, such as actor King-Tan Yuen, young director Liu Xunzi Mo, policeman Art and Yunnan forest fireman.

Warm hot pot

Subject: Hot pot food emotional reality show

First broadcast time: October 9.

Broadcasting platforms: Beijing Satellite TV and Mi Gu Video.

Producer: Beijing Radio and Television Station

Warm Hot Pot takes hot pot as the carrier to convey the emotional link between people and between people and cities. The program invited Zhang Guoli, Victor Ma and others to form a "Warm Hot Pot Group" to look for people with stories in the city and "save a seat" for them to witness the gathering moment of the clients and convey the true feelings in the world.

A Millennium

Subject: Food Culture Exploration Program

First broadcast time: October 28th.

Broadcast platform: CCTV-3 variety channel

Producer: Art Program Center of Central Radio and Television General Station

Created by the "National Treasure" team, with the framework of "drama+history+food", it deeply excavates various historical delicacies. From the exploration and tasting of dishes and the creation and deduction of a drama, we can feel the profound historical accumulation behind food and appreciate the profoundness of Chinese food culture.

Who is the top chef

Theme: culinary competitive variety.

Premiere time: November 4th.

Broadcast platform: Zhejiang Satellite TV

Producer: Zhejiang Satellite TV and Zhongcheng.

By exploring hometown cuisine, regional cuisine and local ingredients, the hometown shows the differences of characters, and comprehensively examines the players’ abilities of innovation, application, learning and perception in a "multi-dimensional, short-term and strict standard" manner, and restores the signature dishes of the industry benchmark. The 48 contestants have diverse identities, including restaurant managers, star-rated hotel chefs, food bloggers, and even "slash youth" from music, advertising, e-sports and other fields.

serials

On the tip of the tongueHeartbeat

Theme: Youth City

Premiere time: January 13th.

Broadcasting platforms: Zhejiang Satellite TV, Tencent Video, iQiyi, Youku.

Producer: Haohan Entertainment

The story revolves around Jiang Qianfan, a legendary chef in the food industry, and Lin Kesong, a positive energy girl with amazing taste, and tells the challenging road of the two aiming at winning the cooking competition. When the play was broadcast in China, it was launched overseas simultaneously. On the first broadcast day, "Heartbeat on the Tip of the Tongue" was rated 9 points on Mydramalist, an Asian drama rating website.

Shangshi

Theme: costume inspirational food drama

Premiere time: February 22nd.

Broadcast platform: Mango TV

Producers: Mango TV, Entertainment Film and Television, Zhihe Film and Television.

"Story of Yanxi Palace" and "My temples are not red with begonia" were created by the original crew. After three days of broadcasting, the broadcast volume of Skynet broke 200 million. After the drama, the Palace Food Bureau is the background, which shows the pursuit of Chinese food skills by Yao Ziling and others, traces back to the feast fashion and conveys the characteristic flavor. Behind the food, see the history and culture, and see the traditional etiquette.

Treasures and delicacies

Theme: costume food drama

Premiere time: April 7th.

Broadcast platform: bilibili

Producer: Entertainment Film and Television, Bili Bili

"Delicious Story" tells the story of chef Ling Xiaoxiao’s determination to be the best chef in the world since childhood. When she grows up, she enters the palace, meets Prince Zhu Shoukui, and gains love and growth. The drama integrates costume, food and light comedy, and opens the mode of "Dinner Drama". Bilibili has over 200 million broadcasts and 802,000 barrage. Disney+ has purchased the overseas copyright of the play.

short video

Spicy dezi

Fans: 38.562 million in Tik Tok and 9.49 million in Aauto Quicker.

Positioning: Food production based on Northeast home cooking.

The video style is simple and realistic, and the food course is simple and practical, which can be reproduced at home. Spicy Dezi has won the titles of "2019 Shake Incentity Popular Talent" and Youku "Public Ambassador for Helping the Poor and Helping Agriculture".

Mutton cuisine

Fans: 10.151 million in bilibili and 6.827 million in Tik Tok.

Positioning: food production and sharing

The "New Wall Knots Sheep" in the gourmet area is a rhyming maniac in the culinary world. "With the most rigorous real materials and the most flavorful rhyme", the copywriting skills are profound, which also gains a large number of fans. In 2019, 2020 and 2021, it was selected as "Top 100 UP Owners of the Year" in bilibili.

Yanjie gourmet (Chengma)

Fans: 10.769 million (Aauto Quicker) and 8.143 million (Tik Tok)

Positioning: home-cooked food production

Dressed in household clothes, the cooking process of household food is restored with household kitchen utensils, and the engraving is high. The video content is full of human fireworks.

Special planning | Layout expansion type Multi-food film and television content is advanced again

Layout expansion type, diversified food, film and television content, and then advanced

Domestic food film and television content "fragrance" overseas

The development path is very different. A brief analysis of foreign food film and television content

Domestic food film and television content worthy of attention in 2022

Overseas food and television content worthy of attention in 2022

Photo: Douban, program official micro

Please send the submission to the email address:

zongyiweekly@163.com

　Please see the micro store for purchase.

Loucai purchase letter [2020] No.28

 Loudi bureau of finance

About Loudi Municipal Government Purchasing Electronic Store Suppliers to Settle in

Notice of relevant matters

 

In order to deepen the reform of government procurement, improve the transparency and efficiency of government procurement, our city has set up Loudi government procurement electronic store in Hunan Province, and plans toIt was officially put into operation in September 2020. Electronic store is a platform for government procurement transaction and supervision based on information network technology. All budget units at all levels in the city will purchase goods, services and projects below the government procurement quota standard in Loudi electronic store. In order to ensure the smooth entry of suppliers into electronic stores, relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

First, online registration

Legal persons and other organizations that are not listed in the list of serious dishonesty and abnormal business operations can enter the Hunan provincial government procurement electronic store if they agree to abide by the Commitment Letter for Entering the Hunan Provincial Government Procurement Electronic Store.

oneSuppliers log on to Hunan Provincial Government Procurement Network (http://www.ccgp-hunan.gov.cn/)Or the Hunan provincial government purchases electronic stores (Https://hunan.zcygov.cn/), fill in the name of the company and the mobile phone number of the administrator (the mobile phone number of the administrator must be consistent with the mobile phone number registered by the bank) for registration, and the registration area is selected at the same level in Hunan Province.

2. Enter the basic information of the company, basic qualification, specific qualification, credit information, investor, financial information and personnel information management when registering the supplier. Among them, suppliers, small and micro enterprises, prison enterprises and welfare enterprises that require specific qualifications and qualifications according to laws and regulations can upload corresponding certification materials and enjoy relevant preferential policies.

The specific requirements for information reporting are as follows:

Fill in the basic information of the type of enterprise. If it is a small and micro enterprise, prison enterprise, welfare enterprise, etc., and upload the corresponding certification materials, the system will automatically calculate the price deduction according to the highest proportion stipulated by policies supporting energy-saving and environmental protection products, two-type products and small and micro enterprises in the bidding transaction process.

The basic qualifications mainly include business license, social insurance certificate, organization code certificate and tax registration certificate. Suppliers can apply the five certificates in one according to the qualification type of the unit/three certificates in one) to fill in the qualification information and upload the corresponding scanned documents.

Specific qualifications mainly refer to the certification materials for enterprises to obtain professional and technical capabilities in the industry field, such as construction enterprise qualifications, safety production licenses, computer information professional qualifications, etc. If suppliers have corresponding qualifications, please fill in the qualification information and upload the corresponding scanned documents.

Enterprises that fill in credit information obtain credit rating certificates.

The investor shall fill in the relevant information of the enterprise investor.

Financial Information Fill in the recent financial information of the enterprise.

Personnel information is mainly filled in by the legal representative of the enterprise.

3. After the enterprise information qualification is filled in, save it and submit it to the platform operator for verification. After the verification is passed, the mobile phone will receive a short message indicating that the registration has been successful.

4. After successful supplier registration, download the Commitment Letter of Hunan Provincial Government Procurement of Electronic Stores in the process of electronic store suppliers’ entry, affix the official seal of the company and sign it by the legal person, and upload it to the electronic store. After the verification of the commitment letter, the supplier settled in successfully.

Second, registered goods

1. Commodity standards: The registered commodities shall conform to the national mandatory standards, the standards issued by the trade association or the standards implemented by self-declaration, the government procurement policies, the formal and legal sources, the provision of after-sales service according to regulations, and the responsibility of "three guarantees". The settled suppliers shall not provide counterfeit, pirated and infringing goods or goods prohibited by the state from being sold, as well as goods specially purchased by the Hunan government.

Imported goods of overseas origin shall be registered and put into storage only after they have been approved by the customs declaration certificate. Commodities that do not meet the mandatory national standards shall not be listed on the counter or participate in bidding.

2. Registered commodities: All commodities are classified and registered according to the commodity classification standards stipulated by the Ministry of Finance and the commodity classification standards of electronic stores, including commodity names, model specifications, registered trademarks, maximum price, government procurement discounts, parameter configuration or service contents, inspection reports and other information.

Commodities include goods and services, and accessories and services that are independent of commodities should be priced separately as independent commodities, but the accessories and services included in the market quotation shall not be split. Goods that are not registered for storage shall not be sold on the counter or participate in bidding.

The resident supplier shall register the suggested retail price of the brand or the reasonable quotation recognized by the market and industry associations as the maximum price of the goods, and adjust it in time with the market changes. The settled suppliers should provide evidence that can be verified in the market, and the maximum price should not be higher than the quotations in other markets at the same time. The quotation of the goods on the OTC and competitive bidding (group purchase) of the settled suppliers shall not be higher than the maximum price limit of the registered goods.

Government procurement discount is the preferential treatment and support of resident suppliers to government procurement, which is proposed by resident suppliers or negotiated with financial departments and purchasers on a regular basis. The discount rate agreed between the resident supplier and the purchaser shall not be higher than that agreed with the finance department at the same level, and the discount rate agreed with the finance department at a lower level shall not be higher than that agreed with the finance department at a higher level.

3. Classification identification: the goods registered in the warehouse will be automatically classified and identified. Goods with registered trademarks owned by resident suppliers will be marked as "brand goods" by the system. Goods that have no registered trademark, parameter configuration or service content inconsistent with the brand, the highest price is higher than the brand’s highest price, or obviously deviate from the market price or cannot be verified, and the settled suppliers join the trade association but the core parameters are incomplete will be marked as "own goods".

Third, issue a letter of increase

After the supplier handles the letter increase (see the attachment for details)3), can carry out related business in electronic stores.

The resident supplier shall submit the credit line that can be inquired and verified in the resident commercial bank and guarantee institution, and convert it into electronic credit enhancement after system verification; Can also be issued by the commercial banks and guarantee institutions that have not settled in the Hunan Provincial Government Procurement Electronic Store (see Annex for the format)2) After being verified by the designated institution of Hunan Provincial Department of Finance, it will be converted into electronic credit enhancement.

For OTC goods, the credit limit shall not be less than30,000 yuan, the time is not less than one year; Authorized agent, the credit line should be not less than 100,000 yuan, and the time should be not less than one year; To participate in the bidding project quotation, the credit line shall be no less than 5% of the budgeted amount of the bidding project and the validity period shall not be shorter than the project time requirement.

The system will verify the electronic credit enhancement and lock the credit limit according to the following requirements when the resident supplier has OTC goods, participated in quotation, signed a contract and the brand authorized other resident suppliers to act as agents: if the electronic credit enhancement of the resident supplier has not locked the credit balance and the time is not up to the requirements, the related business and quotation shall not be handled.

Fourth, consultation on electronic stores

1. Customer service hotline: 4008817190;

2. Supplier QQ Group (1058135282). Please indicate the company name and personnel information when joining.

3. Online consultation: Please click "Consultation Tips" on the right side of the homepage of Hunan Provincial Government Procurement Electronic Store:

4. Help Center (Frequently Asked Questions):https://help.zcy.gov.cn/

five.Self-service message (question feedback)：https://customer.zcy.gov.cn/feedback

Attachment:1. Commitment letter of Hunan provincial government to purchase electronic stores.

                    2. Hunan provincial government procurement electronic store entry guarantee

                    3. Electronic credit enhancement process

 

                                                                                                                                                                    Loudi bureau of finance

                                           2020yearfourmoon24sun

attachmentone

Commitment letter of Hunan provincial government to purchase electronic stores

 

The company voluntarily became the supplier of Hunan provincial government procurement electronic stores. The legal representative (person in charge) of the Company has read and understood the Interim Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement of Electronic Stores in Hunan Province, and made the following commitments on behalf of the Company:

1. The Company bears civil liability independently, has a good business reputation and a sound financial accounting system, pays taxes and social security funds according to law, and has no record of major violations in its business activities in the previous three years, and is not included in the list of serious acts of dishonesty. The registered information is true, accurate and effective, and it is willing to be made public and accepted by all sectors of society.

Second, the company’s products meet the national mandatory standards, as well as the group standards issued by industry associations or the standards implemented by self-declaration of resident suppliers, which are in line with government procurement policies. The source channels are formal and legal, and after-sales service is provided according to regulations, and the company undertakes."Three Guarantees" responsibility, the quotation is not higher than that of other markets in the same period. Our company does not provide counterfeit, pirated and infringing goods or goods prohibited by the state from being sold, or goods specially purchased by the Hunan government, and abides by price discounts, and assumes management responsibility for the quality and price of goods with registered trademarks and authorized agents. The information of goods on sale and participating in bidding is true, accurate and effective, and they are willing to accept supervision from all walks of life.

3. The Company agrees to abide by the trading rules of Hunan provincial government procurement electronic stores, accept the verification of operators, obey the ruling of the financial department on objections, and accept the supervision and inspection of the financial department.

The company agrees that if the above commitments are violated, the financial department will increase the credit guarantee and transfer it to the state treasury.

 

Name of company (unit):                       (Seal)

Legal representative (person in charge):                 (signature)

 

           year     moon     sun

 

attachment2

 

Hunan provincial government procurement of electronic stores in the guarantee.
(format)

Number:      

                           ：

According to the Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement of Electronic Stores in Hunan Province, the applicant               (Supplier’s name) applied to settle in Hunan provincial government procurement electronic store. guarantor               (Name of Guarantor) unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees that, within the validity period of this guarantee, upon receipt of your written request.Within 5 working days, the applicant will be                 (in words) Pay to your designated account.

 

This guarantee is from         year   moon   Solstice         year   moon   Keep it valid for days.

 

Name of guarantor:                                 

land          Address:                                 

 

                   year         moon         sun

 

 

Welcome to contribute | Please add WeChat shaoyanlin412.

According to the survey report on the living conditions of national automobile dealers in 2023 released by china automobile dealers association, more than 70% of dealers failed to complete the annual task index; The loss ratio accounts for 43.5%, and the profit ratio is only 37.6%.

Will car dealers and 4S shops still be a good business in 2024?

Let’s take a look at several sets of key data. (The following data source: china automobile dealers association)

According to the survey, 27.3% of the vehicle sales targets are achieved at or above 100%, and 19.4% are between 90% and 100%, which make up 46.7%. Usually, the completion rate is above 90%, and the OEM can get 100% rebate.

This means that in 2023, more than half of dealers failed to get the "planned" rebate at the beginning of the year.

Judging from the proportion of income of each business module in the total income, the proportion of new cars and after-sales has not changed much, only the proportion of financial insurance has been rising all the way, and the proportion of used cars has been declining all the way.

The profitability of dealers is also not optimistic. In 2023, the loss ratio reached 43.5%, and the profit ratio was 37.6%. Although the profitability improved compared with that in 2022, it was significantly lower than that in 2021, which was the second worst result in the past six years.

Finally, look at the composition of dealers’ profits. The vehicle sales contributed -15.6% and the after-sales contributed 60.7%. Obviously, the new car does not make money, and the after-sales volume is small, which is the dilemma faced by dealers.

Combining these tables, we can roughly see what kind of year the dealers experienced in 2023.

First of all, dealers are trapped in the traditional business model.None of the business sectors can make people shine at the moment, leading a certain sector to rise suddenly.

Vehicle sales always account for about 80% of operating income, which confirms an experience in the industry: vehicle sales determine whether dealers are dead or alive.

Yes, after-sales can’t determine the life and death of dealers. Even those dealers whose service absorption rate is more than 100% will actually live for less than three years after being cancelled and turned into ordinary repair shops.

Because on the one hand, there is no source of supplementary customers, and the loss of customers and the reduction of admission are inevitable results; On the other hand, the expenses such as rent, water and electricity personnel’s wages have not decreased, and the profits will only become thinner and thinner; The most important thing is to lose the gold-lettered signboard authorized by the manufacturer, and the degree of trust is no longer the same.

Secondly, new car sales not only don’t make money,It is also necessary to dig out a piece from the profits of other business sectors to fill the "negative profits".

Combined with the achievement rate of vehicle sales target, the dealers who can make profits or survive in 2023 are all the stores that rank higher in the national sales ranking of brands or top in the regional sales, with high achievement rate. They can not only get millions of full rebates, but also get hundreds of thousands of extra rewards such as "market contribution award" and "market development award".

From the OEM’s point of view, if all the head dealers in the brand fall down, the brand will have no one to follow. In order to prove the "correctness" of its marketing strategy, it is necessary to set a good example, even if we put some water on these dealers at a critical moment.

From the dealer’s point of view, only those senior dealers whose service absorption rate is greater than 100% can have the confidence to reduce the profit of the new car sales section in the store to negative, so as to follow up the annual volume price in 2023 and sell cars at a loss. The gambling is that the main engine factory does not dare to let itself go bankrupt.

Especially for those dealers whose land is owned rather than leased, the operating expenses are missing a large piece of land or store rent, and only the personnel expenses and marketing expenses are left in the big expenses.

Even if the profits of previous years are filled in, the speed of losing blood can be greatly alleviated, and they can stay at the poker table for a longer time, and the greater the grasp of procrastination.

So in 2024, is automobile distribution still a business project worth sticking to?

Needless to say, the enterprises or 4S shops that still have the status of car dealers are all authorized to sell fuel car brands (except Tucki).

Whether these dealers are still worth sticking to in this industry depends on the power technology route they will adopt in the future and their geographical location.

With regard to the future development direction of automobile power technology route, pure electric vehicles will become more and more mainstream, but it will not be realized in a short time, and its market penetration may even fluctuate upward, let alone completely replace fuel vehicles.

Even if the hybrid vehicle is a transitional technology, this transitional period will last at least 10 years, or even more than 20 years.

Fuel trucks or liquid fuel trucks will not disappear completely. Even in the southern provinces and cities of China, there will still be sporadic use in emergency rescue and disaster relief, field work, etc., while the scope and time of use in the north will be wider and longer.

The power technology route of automobile brand OEM is a long-term strategic decision that will not be easily changed. As its distributor, it is relatively easy to obtain accurate information.

Then the remaining major influencing factor is the geographical location of the dealer.

If the dealer is located in the north of Qinhuai line, even if the power technology route of the brand main engine factory is only fuel oil and electricity, the risk of sticking to it is still relatively low; If the power technology route of the brand OEM is only pure electricity, then the risk of sticking to it is relatively high.

On the other hand, if the dealer is located in the south of the Yangtze River, the risk of sticking to technology brands with only fuel and oil is relatively high, even if the risk of sticking to technology brands with only pure electricity is still relatively low.

So, in 2024, is automobile distribution still a business project worth investing in?

This problem is more complicated than the previous one, which involves not only the power technology route that the brand OEM will adopt in the future and the geographical location of the proposed store, but also the business policy of the brand OEM.

Because the brand OEM sells well and makes money or not, it doesn’t mean that the dealer sells well and makes money or not.

At present, most of the "new power" new energy brand OEMs adopt a mixed cooperation mode, that is, the electromechanical service sector of new car sales and after-sales is self-operated, and only the after-sales car body panel is recruited.

Typical brand OEMs, such as Tesla (since last year, it has started to operate its own business), Weilai, Ideality, etc., are not discussed here.

Most of the new energy brands established by the original fuel vehicle brand OEM still choose the 4S store model, such as:, Lantu, Feifan, Zhiji, Aouita, etc., but when choosing these brands to apply, we must pay attention to their respective business policies.

In business policies, special attention should be paid to the following terms:

Address of the proposed store:Generally, it is required to be in the automobile business circle or downtown area, which is related to the rental cost in future operations.

Building area and building form:It is related to the capital investment of hardware construction and the cost of hydropower publicity in operation.

Sales commission:New energy brands basically adopt the sales agency system, that is, dealers are no longer required to control the inventory, but dealers also lose their influence on the terminal retail price of automobiles. Every time a commercial car is sold (signed), they can only get a sales service fee of 2%-3% of the sales price of new cars from the brand OEM, that is, a sales commission.

This profit is basically less than half of the difference between the purchase and sale of dealers 10 years ago, but for the current market environment, it is a long-lost new car sales profit. However, it is unclear how the proportion of this sales service fee will change in the future.

Payment method of store building rebate:Brand OEMs usually give rebates to newly-built stores, but the current rebate method is disgusting. For example, the total amount of the promised rebate for building stores is 2 million, but it needs to be paid in three years (every 12 months is one year from the month after acceptance and opening), with a maximum of 700,000 yuan per year, which is paid as a subsidy to 1000 yuan for each new car sold.

That is to say, in the past three years, at least 700 vehicles must be sold every year, in theory, in order to get the store-building rebate in full. After the new store opened for three years, the sales volume usually increased gradually. If 500 units, 800 units and 1,000 units were sold in these three years, the store-building rebate would be 50+70+70 = 1.9 million. Of course, in order to reach the sales volume of 700 units in the first year, investors increased their investment in publicity or marketing activities to push up sales volume, and brand OEMs also encouraged and welcomed the success, because it was the investors’ money that was spent, and these promotional investments, brand OEMs said that even if it rains, it will never rain.

In short, there are many reward or rebate clauses in business policies that need to be carefully studied. If you want to get them in full or at the top, there is basically only theoretical feasibility, just for the operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, which is quite insulting to IQ.

As for whether it is worth investing, it is necessary to judge the specific location, brand and investor’s own conditions one by one.

Article source: automobile service world, thank you.

　　The cold wave surged in.

　　Winter flu season strikes ~

　　How uncomfortable is it? I know everything!

　　Just ask what to do?

　　Pick up a small notebook and look down quickly …

　　Our common influenza (referred to as "influenza" for short) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which usually causes many people to be infected in a certain season or time period and has obvious seasonality.

　　According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, the seasonal epidemic of influenza virus can lead to an average of about 3 million to 5 million severe cases and 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory disease-related deaths worldwide every year.

　　Recently, according to the latest data from China CDC, acute respiratory infectious diseases are on the rise, among which influenza virus accounts for 10.8% of all respiratory infectious diseases, far exceeding other pathogens.

　　What’s the difference between flu and common cold? What does the "48 hours" of flu treatment mean? With the flu, can you carry it hard? In this regard, the reporter of CCTV Finance China Good Doctor interviewed Yang Yanli, deputy director of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and asked her to talk about the flu …

　　one

　　The 48 hours of flu treatment is the "golden period"!

　　Yang Yanli

　　Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital

　　Antiviral treatment within 48 hours.

　　Can reduce severe illness

　　48 hours after the onset of influenza, we call it 48 hours of medication. Try to take effective antiviral drugs within 48 hours of gold, and then use them more than 48 hours, and the curative effect will be much worse.

　　Influenza virus is highly contagious and spreads quickly, mainly through respiratory droplets, but also through contact. The incubation period after infection is generally 1~4 days, with an average of 2 days.

　　(Image from the Internet)

　　Yang Yanli said that antibiotics should not be used indiscriminately after being infected with influenza virus. Influenza is a virus, and antibiotics can inhibit or kill bacteria, but they are useless to viruses.

　　How to quickly tell if you have the flu?

　　Keep in mind "one fever, two pains and three fatigue":

　　Yishao

　　High fever lasting for several days, the body temperature can reach 39 ~ 40℃, and chills and chills may occur.

　　Ertong

　　There are often symptoms of headache and muscle aches all over the body.

　　Three fatigue

　　Extremely tired and weak, listless.

　　2

　　The flu is hard to carry? Beware of complications!

　　In daily life, although many influenza and common cold are respiratory diseases, they are not the same. Do not treat influenza as a common cold.

　　Believe that in life

　　Many people don’t believe in "evil"!

　　Think it’s just a cold

　　Carry it for a few days.

　　Is that really the case?

　　If the symptoms of the common cold appear and it is clearly diagnosed that it is not the flu, you can carry it appropriately according to your personal physique, usually drink more water, rest more, pay attention to keep warm, and your condition will gradually improve.

　　Although influenza is also a self-limiting disease, its course of disease is long and its symptoms are serious. If you carry it hard, you may miss the "golden time" of influenza treatment, which will lead to aggravation of symptoms and complications, such as pneumonia, myocarditis and heart failure. At the same time, it will increase the risk of infection and reduce the quality of life.

　　What circumstances require timely medical treatment?

　　Be alert to severe cases and seek medical advice in time when the following situations occur:

　　Persistent high fever: body temperature ≥39℃ for more than 3 days.

　　Difficulty breathing or lack of oxygen.

　　The respiratory rate increased, and the oxygen saturation was lower than 90%.

　　Consciousness disorder: including coma, lethargy, delirium and other manifestations.

　　Severe dehydration: dry mouth, poor skin elasticity, decreased urine output or anuria.

　　Significant chest pain or abdominal pain: It may indicate pneumonia, myocarditis or intra-abdominal infection.

　　three

　　Vaccination is the most economical and effective!

　　How to better prevent influenza virus? Yang Yanli suggested that vaccination is the most economical and effective way to prevent influenza. September to November is the best time for influenza vaccination every year. All people aged 6 months and above who have no vaccination contraindications can get influenza vaccination, especially the elderly, children, patients with chronic basic diseases and other high-risk groups.

　　Expert tips

　　Influenza vaccination has the following taboos:

　　Any other ingredients in eggs or vaccines (including excipients, gentamicin, formaldehyde, kanamycin, cracking agent, excipient, etc.), especially those who are allergic to ovalbumin.

　　Suffering from acute diseases, acute attack of severe chronic diseases and fever.

　　Uncontrolled epilepsy and other progressive neurological diseases, with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome.

　　When suffering from high fever or acute infection, it is recommended to vaccinate at least 2 weeks after the symptoms subside.

　　If there is any nervous system reaction after injection, it is forbidden to use this product again.

　　Family members and individuals with a history of convulsions, chronic diseases, epilepsy and allergic constitution should use this product with caution.

　　Yang Yanli emphasized that in daily life, even if you are vaccinated with flu vaccine, you should do a good job in the flu season! At the same time, it is necessary to ensure nutrient intake, strengthen the body and improve the body’s immunity.

　　it goes like this…

　　The flu happens every year, and some people get it every time!

　　And why can someone always avoid it perfectly?

　　What did they do right?

　　It is very important to get flu vaccine, do personal protection and improve personal immunity!

　　Tips for small doctors

　　Influenza season is coming! In order to prevent the flu, we should not only do the above measures correctly, but also insist on daily window ventilation, regular disinfection, cheerful mood and regular work and rest, so that the flu can see you running around!

　　On June 1st, the Implementation Plan for Guangdong Province to Implement the State Council’s "A Package of Policies and Measures to Firmly Stabilize the Economy" (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Plan") was published on the website of the provincial government.

　　It is reported that the "Implementation Plan" extends the 33 policies and measures in six aspects of the State Council’s deployment item by item, especially in combination with the series of policies and measures for steady growth issued by our province this year, further combing and forming 131 specific policies in six aspects, so as to accelerate the greater effect.

　　"Overall, the policy has strong operability, covering the real economy, investment and financing, consumption and other fields, and is expected to play an important role in the steady growth of Guangdong’s economy." Lin Jiang, a professor of economics at Lingnan College of Sun Yat-sen University and deputy director of the Pearl River Delta Research Center in Hong Kong and Macao, said.

　　fiscal policy

　　Expand the scope of implementation of the phased deferred social security premium policy.

　　Corresponding to the State Council’s package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy, the fiscal policy proposed in the Implementation Plan includes seven aspects: further strengthening the implementation of the VAT tax refund policy, speeding up the progress of fiscal expenditure, accelerating the issuance and use of local government special bonds and expanding the scope of support, making good use of government financing guarantees and other policies, increasing government procurement to support small and medium-sized enterprises, implementing the policy of delaying the payment of social security fees, and increasing the support for job stability.

　　The "Implementation Plan" emphasizes that it is necessary to strictly implement the tax refund policies for six industries that have been issued by the state to ensure that the stock tax allowance is fully refunded and the incremental tax allowance is fully refunded on a monthly basis. At the same time, we will take effective measures to speed up the processing, and on the basis of taxpayers’ voluntary application, we will centrally refund the remaining tax credits of micro-enterprises and small enterprises before June 30.

　　As for the newly-added enterprises in wholesale and retail, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, accommodation and catering, residents’ service, repair and other services, education, health and social work, culture, sports and entertainment industries, the policy of full monthly incremental refund and one-time full refund of the reserved tax amount is implemented. The "Implementation Plan" emphasizes close docking and good preparation in advance to ensure that it is put in place at the first time.

　　In order to speed up the issuance and use of local government special bonds, the "Implementation Plan" proposes to speed up the issuance of special bonds issued by the central government this year and basically complete the issuance before the end of June. According to the requirement that this year’s special bonds are basically used up before the end of August, we will speed up the progress of special bond expenditures, and strive to start all the issued special bond projects before the end of June. At the same time, we will closely follow the state’s policy of appropriately expanding the areas of special bond support, and accelerate the planning and reserve of a number of special bond projects around new infrastructure, new energy projects, public services, renovation of old public facilities, and consumer infrastructure.

　　In order to reduce the burden of financing guarantee fees for small and micro enterprises, the "Implementation Plan" proposes that the financing guarantee business for small and micro enterprises with a single-family guarantee amount of less than 10 million yuan and an average annualized guarantee rate of less than or equal to 1% will be subsidized by 1% of the business amount for the regional financing guarantee institutions in Jiangmen, Huizhou, Zhaoqing and the eastern Guangdong, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong.

　　In addition, increase government procurement to support small and medium-sized enterprises. Strengthen the evaluation of government procurement projects of budget units at all levels, and reserve procurement shares for small and medium-sized enterprises for procurement.

　　On the basis of the implementation of three social insurance premium policies for five poverty-stricken industries, such as catering, retail, tourism, civil aviation, highway, waterway and railway transportation, and in accordance with the provisions of national policies, other poverty-stricken industries that have been severely affected by the epidemic, experienced difficulties in production and operation in a large area of the industry and are in line with the guidance of national industrial policies will be expanded to implement the policy of deferred payment, and the period of deferred payment of old-age insurance will be extended to the end of this year.

　　The "Implementation Plan" particularly emphasizes increasing the support for stabilizing posts. We will optimize the implementation of the unemployment insurance return policy and further increase the return ratio. Large enterprises will return 50% of the unemployment insurance premiums actually paid by enterprises and their employees in the previous year, and small and medium-sized enterprises will return 90% of the unemployment insurance premiums actually paid by enterprises and their employees in the previous year. In addition, if an enterprise recruits college graduates in the graduation year, signs a labor contract and participates in unemployment insurance, it will issue a one-time job expansion subsidy at the standard of 1,500 yuan per person, which is not repeated with the one-time employment subsidy.

　　Monetary and financial policies

　　Personal housing, consumption and other loans of people affected by the epidemic can be postponed to repay the principal and interest.

　　In encouraging the implementation of deferred repayment of principal and interest for small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, truck drivers’ loans and personal housing and consumer loans affected by the epidemic, the Implementation Plan continues the relevant contents in the State Council’s package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy.

　　Specifically, guide commercial banks and other financial institutions to continue to negotiate independently with small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, truck drivers, etc. according to the principle of marketization, and postpone the repayment of principal and interest on their loans, and strive to make the extension as long as possible; Give a six-month extension of debt service support for commercial truck consumption loans issued before June 30 this year; For people who are hospitalized or isolated due to infection in COVID-19, who are isolated and observed by the epidemic situation or who have lost their sources of income, we will guide financial institutions to flexibly adjust the repayment plan by reasonably delaying the repayment time, extending the loan term and delaying the repayment of the principal.

　　In addition, the "Implementation Plan" specifically proposes that local financial organizations such as microfinance companies, pawn shops, financial leasing companies and commercial factoring companies should optimize financial services for key industries, small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households affected by the epidemic.

　　In terms of increasing the support for inclusive micro-loans, in addition to implementing the national policy requirements of doubling the amount and support ratio of inclusive micro-loan support tools this year, and guiding financial institutions and state-owned enterprises to support small and medium-sized enterprises’ accounts receivable pledge and other financing, the Implementation Plan proposes to implement the "first-time lender" loan discount subsidy, and appropriately extend the subsidy time limit depending on the discount effect. We will continue to guide the financial system to reduce fees and make profits to the real economy, and the central financial management department will give incentive funds to local corporate financial institutions that issue inclusive small and micro loans at an increase of 2% of the balance of inclusive small and micro loans.

　　At the same time, the "Implementation Plan" proposes to continue to promote the steady decline of the actual loan interest rate, improve the financing efficiency of the capital market, and increase the support of financial institutions for infrastructure construction and major projects. In particular, eligible platform enterprises are encouraged to publicly raise shares and go public overseas according to laws and regulations. Encourage high-quality brokers in the province with subsidiaries in Hong Kong, such as GF Securities, to increase their services for listing in Hong Kong, and strengthen the professional guidance and in-depth cultivation of IPO enterprises in Hong Kong stocks. Support Shenzhen Stock Exchange to build a trading platform for intellectual property rights and scientific and technological achievements, support Guangdong regional equity market to speed up the construction of "special board for scientific and technological innovation", "special board for specialization and special innovation" and "rural revitalization board", and build a centralized custody platform for unlisted securities and a comprehensive cultivation platform for enterprises to be listed.

　　Policy of stabilizing investment and promoting consumption

　　Promote technological transformation of 8,500 industrial enterprises.

　　Car trade-in can be up to 10,000 yuan/car.

　　In order to speed up the construction of provincial key projects, the Implementation Plan proposes to set up a special class for parallel examination and approval of provincial major projects, give full play to the overall coordination role of the special headquarters of six provincial major projects, and implement measures such as exempting construction projects from EIA procedures in accordance with laws and regulations, notifying and promising approval, and simplifying the contents of EIA preparation. We will promote a number of proven water conservancy projects, focusing on promoting the construction of Guangdong water resources allocation project around Beibu Gulf and Guangdong water resources optimal allocation project as soon as possible. Accelerate the investment in transportation infrastructure, speed up the construction of Guangzhou-Zhanjiang high-speed railway, Guangzhou-Shantou high-speed railway, shenyang-haikou expressway reconstruction and expansion project, start the construction of Hezhan railway and Ruimei railway, speed up the construction of cross-river and sea-crossing projects such as Shenzhen-China Passage, Shiziyang Passage and Huang Mao Sea Passage, and speed up the construction of "Greater Bay Area on track".

　　In order to stabilize and expand private investment, the Implementation Plan calls for encouraging and attracting more social capital to participate in major engineering projects, encouraging private enterprises to give full play to their own advantages to participate in key basic products and technical research, promoting qualified enterprises in the province to actively declare "little giant" enterprises specializing in specialty and innovation, accelerating the technological transformation of 8,500 industrial enterprises, and adding 1,500 new industrial enterprises to digital transformation in the second quarter. In particular, speed up the construction of digital government, develop the innovation industry, and enhance the breadth and depth of the application of innovation products and services in the daily office, business systems and important infrastructure of party and government organs. Encourage private investment to focus on urban infrastructure and participate in project construction in key areas through comprehensive development mode.

　　In order to promote the standardized and healthy development of the platform economy, the "Implementation Plan" emphasizes giving full play to the stable employment role of the platform economy, stabilizing the development expectations of platform enterprises and their symbiotic small and medium-sized enterprises, and driving small and medium-sized enterprises to bail out with the development of platform enterprises. Subsidize the e-commerce platform for small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to reduce online store deposits, publicity and promotion services. Encourage e-commerce platforms to provide traffic support for SMEs and subsidize the cost of participating in online promotion activities. Guide platform enterprises to do a good job in the online and offline linkage of the "last mile" of epidemic prevention materials and important livelihood commodities in epidemic prevention and control.

　　In order to steadily increase the consumption of automobiles, household appliances and other fields, we will implement the special action of automobile trade-in, and give a subsidy of 3,000-10,000 yuan/vehicle to those who scrap or transfer old cars with Guangdong license plates under their personal names, and at the same time buy new cars with trade-in promotion models in the province and put them on the license in the province. Encourage the purchase of new energy vehicles, and give 8,000 yuan/vehicle subsidy to individual consumers who purchase new energy vehicles within the scope of trade-in promotion models in the province before June 30 this year. Further optimize the management of car use, increase the car purchase index in Guangzhou and Shenzhen on the original basis, and no new measures to restrict car purchase shall be introduced in various places. We will fully implement the policy of removing the restrictions on the movement of used cars and remove the restrictions on the movement of small non-operating used cars that meet the national five emission standards. Optimize the investment and construction operation mode of charging piles (stations) for new energy vehicles, improve the construction standards of charging infrastructure and parking facilities, and gradually realize the full coverage of charging facilities in all communities and operating parking lots. More than 20,000 public charging piles have been built this year, basically achieving 100% full coverage of charging facilities in expressway service areas in the province. Encourage cities to organize production and sales enterprises such as household appliances to launch activities to benefit the people and promote consumption, and focus on encouraging the promotion of green smart home appliances, smart phones and wearable devices to promote the upgrading of household appliances in our province. Encourage all localities to issue coupons, Huimin coupons, etc. for consumption in retail, catering, cultural tourism, accommodation and sports, and activate the consumer market.

　　Policy of ensuring food and energy security

　　Accelerate the payment of agricultural subsidies for cultivated land, and add 13 million kilowatts of installed power this year.

　　Ensuring food and energy security is an important prerequisite for stabilizing the economy.

　　The "Implementation Plan" proposes to improve and perfect policies such as grain income security, speed up the distribution of subsidies for the protection of cultivated land fertility, and timely distribute the second batch of agricultural subsidies to make up for the decline in grain income brought about by rising costs. We will introduce a policy of rewarding and subsidizing the rehabilitation of abandoned farmland to ensure stable grain production and increase production.

　　The "Implementation Plan" emphasizes that efforts should be made to promote the implementation of a number of energy projects. 8.88 million kilowatts of backbone power supply projects and 26 power grid projects supporting coal-fired power stations, gas-fired power stations and pumped storage power stations will be completed and put into operation this year. This year, the installed power supply is 13 million kilowatts. At the same time, improve the coal reserve capacity and level, and strengthen the reserve capacity of energy resources such as crude oil.

　　Policy of ensuring supply chain stability in industrial chain

　　Small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households use water, electricity and gas in arrears.

　　In order to reduce the production and operation costs of market players, the "Implementation Plan" clearly stipulates that the policy of "non-stop supply of arrears" for water, electricity and gas for small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households temporarily experiencing production and operation difficulties due to the epidemic situation will be fully implemented, and a six-month fee deferral period will be set up, and cities will be encouraged to further extend it according to local conditions, and late fees for arrears will be exempted during the deferral period.

　　The "Implementation Plan" proposes to promote the phased reduction and exemption of housing rents for market entities. This year, it is listed as a county-level administrative area where high-risk areas in the epidemic are located (Dongguan City and Zhongshan City are located in the administrative areas of towns and streets). Small and micro enterprises in the service industry, small and micro enterprises in the manufacturing industry and individual industrial and commercial households rent state-owned houses, and the rent is reduced for six months this year, and the rent in other areas is reduced for three months. If the lessor waives the rent, it can waive the property tax and urban land use tax in the current year according to the regulations. Small and medium-sized enterprises that rent standard factories in industrial parks and industrial clusters will be given rent holdover or reduction support, and municipalities will give subsidies to the lessors of standard factories to reduce their rental income.

　　For enterprises in industries such as civil aviation, which are greatly affected by the epidemic, the "Implementation Plan" emphasizes the need to increase relief support, increase the amount of emergency loans for civil aviation, encourage banking financial institutions to increase credit support for airports and airlines in the province, encourage qualified airports and airlines in the province to issue corporate credit bonds, and broaden diversified financing channels. As a relief fund for cultural tourism enterprises, the provincial financial co-ordination fund is mainly used to support cultural tourism enterprises such as key travel agencies, A-level tourist attractions, cultural and artistic troupes, performance venues and cultural tourism to promote consumption activities.

　　In terms of optimizing the policy for enterprises to return to work and achieve production, the Implementation Plan emphasizes that the epidemic prevention and control measures defined by the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council and the joint prevention and control mechanism of the province should be strictly implemented, and the implementation standards and enforcement efforts of cities, counties, towns and villages should be consistent, and they should not be enlarged without authorization or overweight at different levels. Low-risk places can’t restrict the flow of people at will, and places with epidemic situations can’t arbitrarily expand the scope to ban eating in restaurants and shut down production and business premises outside the "three areas". Encourage qualified enterprises to carry out closed-loop production in the event of an epidemic to ensure their stable production. In principle, it is not required to stop production. The government where the enterprise is located should give guidance on epidemic prevention and control, strengthen the services of returning employees, logistics support, upstream and downstream connection, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on the normal production and operation of the enterprise.

　　In terms of improving the policy of ensuring smooth traffic and logistics, the epidemic prevention restrictions on freight vehicles from areas with low risk of epidemic situation are completely abolished, and efforts are made to break through the bottleneck of manufacturing logistics and speed up the turnover of finished goods inventory; It is not allowed to block or close highways, ordinary highways and waterway locks without authorization. It is strictly forbidden to isolate county and rural roads, and it is not allowed to shut down expressway service areas, ports and docks, railway stations and civil transport airports without authorization. It is strictly forbidden to restrict the normal flow of people in areas with low risk of epidemic situation. For industrial enterprises involved in epidemic areas, the vehicle passes for transportation of key materials should be "applied to the utmost" and "issued to the utmost" to ensure the smooth logistics of key materials. For freight vehicles coming from or entering or leaving the city where the high-risk areas in the epidemic are located, the system of "taking, leaving and chasing" shall be implemented.

　　Policy of ensuring basic livelihood

　　People who are in difficulty due to the epidemic can be temporarily rescued from the place where the emergency occurred.

　　At present, the downward pressure on the economy is increasing, and it is even more necessary for government departments to make precise policies and concentrate financial resources to protect basic people’s livelihood.

　　The "Implementation Plan" requires that the phased support policy for housing provident fund be implemented, and enterprises affected by the epidemic can apply for deferred payment of housing provident fund according to regulations, and pay back after the expiration. During this period, the paid employees can normally withdraw and apply for housing provident fund loans, which is not affected by holdover. If the depositor affected by the epidemic cannot repay the housing provident fund loan normally, it will not be overdue and will not be submitted to the credit information department as an overdue record.

　　At the same time, we will improve the support policies for agricultural transfer population and rural labor employment and entrepreneurship, improve the provincial financial incentive mechanism for urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and increase support for areas where migrant agricultural transfer population across provinces and provinces has settled in many places. Will meet the conditions of new citizens into the scope of business guarantee loans, new citizens belong to the key groups of self-employment or business within three years, can apply for a maximum amount of 500 thousand yuan of personal business guarantee loans. If the small and micro enterprises founded by new citizens meet the relevant conditions, they can apply for a guarantee loan of up to 5 million yuan for small and micro enterprises.

　　More importantly, it is necessary to improve the social and people’s livelihood security measures. The "Implementation Plan" requires that the aid subsidy funds allocated by the central and provincial governments be well used and distributed in full and on time to the people who need help through the direct financial mechanism. Co-ordinate relief resources, give precise subsidies according to the characteristics and needs of the relief objects, cancel the restrictions on household registration and residence, and give temporary relief to people who have difficulties in basic life due to the epidemic from the place where the emergency occurred.

　　【fiscal policy】

　　● For all small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households that are temporarily affected by the epidemic, the payment of three social insurance units will be deferred in stages, and the deferral period will be implemented in stages until the end of this year.

　　Monetary and financial policies

　　● Delayed repayment of principal and interest for small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, truck driver loans and personal housing and consumer loans affected by the epidemic.

　　Policy of stabilizing investment and promoting consumption

　　● Promote the technological transformation of 8,500 industrial enterprises; The subsidy for car trade-in can reach up to 10,000 yuan/car; The charging facilities in the expressway service area in the province are fully covered.

　　Policy of ensuring food and energy security

　　● Accelerate the distribution of farmland fertility protection subsidies and the second batch of agricultural subsidies; Promote 8.88 million kilowatts of backbone power supply projects and 26 power grid projects to be completed and put into operation this year, and add 13 million kilowatts of power supply installed this year.

　　Policy of ensuring supply chain stability in industrial chain

　　● Small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households that are temporarily experiencing difficulties in production and operation due to the epidemic situation can use water, electricity and gas "without interruption", and the maximum rent for renting state-owned houses can be reduced for six months.

　　【Policy of ensuring basic livelihood】

　　● Enterprises affected by the epidemic can apply for deferred payment of housing provident fund according to regulations; New citizens can apply for a personal business guarantee loan with a maximum amount of 500,000 yuan.

1905 movie network news Domestic adult-oriented animated films have recently started the second round of national limited-time limited screening. Since the screening week, the film has successfully stood out from many excellent films, achieved many good results, and set a new record for domestic animated films in 2019; The film showed 0.1% of the films, and rushed to the hot search list in Weibo against the trend for 4 degrees, which caused extensive discussion among netizens. The outstanding achievements of the film can not be separated from the recognition and support of the domestic audience for Guo Man. As the first IMAX domestic animated film, Ne Zha will officially land in major cinemas on July 26th.

Get full marks from audiences of all ages. "The greatest happiness is audience satisfaction."

As an animated film, Ne Zha has successfully subverted countless audiences’ definitions of animation and traditional myths, and has become one of the national masterpieces suitable for all ages. For the adult audience, the film doesn’t simply shout the slogan "Justice conquers evil" from beginning to end, but tries to present a protagonist Nezha who has real human feelings and wanders between good and evil in human nature. All characters, including Nezha, have no absolute villains and decency, and good and evil exist in everyone. Through the realistic role setting, the film won the empathy of countless audiences. Facing the praise of the audience at the screening, director jiaozi said that "we only need the satisfaction of the audience in China, which is our greatest happiness".

For the parent-child audience, the film is of great educational significance, and it tells the truth to parents and children in a subtle way. The scene was shown in advance, and many viewers came to the cinema in groups. The atmosphere was very active, and laughter and cheers broke out with the plot. In the film, the education methods of Li Jing and his wife for Nezha have aroused many parents’ and viewers’ reflections: Nezha, who seems to be stubborn, is actually resisting the label of "magic boy" in his own way. The attitude and influence of Li Jing and his wife towards Nezha is an important reason for Nezha’s fate. After the screening, some parents said with emotion, "I didn’t expect to see it more seriously than children." There is no perfect child in the world, and parents’ attitude towards children affects their every move.

The film audience who "gathers the strength of the whole domestic industry" is very supportive: it must be seen in summer

The recognition and praise of the film Ne Zha can not be separated from the intention of the director and the production team. More than 1600 people actually participated in the production of the film, and the number of participants ranked in the forefront of animated film production. The production process of this film, which director jiaozi described as "gathering the strength of the whole domestic industry", has experienced "bumps". According to the director, only the scene in which Shen Gongbao turned into a figure in less than 5 seconds took two or three months. In order to design a scene innovatively, director jiaozi even locked himself in his room "thinking hard" and stayed indoors for almost a whole day.

Since the opening of the screening, the film has been well received. Although the number of screening sessions is limited, many viewers have already brushed the film three or four times. Recently, in the Changsha roadshow, some viewers even created according to the scene of Nezha’s birthday party in the film, and presented their paintings, Nezha and Ao Bing, to jiaozi, the director, to show their love for the film. Facing the favorable comments from the audience, director jiaozi said that "I am very touched by everyone’s recognition of the film along the way", and the support of every audience is the "best praise" for the film and the participants.

The animated film Ne Zha will be released nationwide on July 26th, and will be released simultaneously with the IMAX 3D version as the first domestic animated film of IMAX.

　　CCTV News:On the 20th, the State Council held a briefing on the the State Council policy of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of the Use of Medical Insurance Funds.

　　At the meeting, Shi Zihai, deputy director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, said in response to COVID-19’s vaccination and other issues, according to the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the current round of Covid-19’s vaccine and vaccination fee policy has been made clear, mainly with two main points: First, the vaccine and vaccination fee should be borne by the medical insurance fund, and the financial sector should give appropriate subsidies to the medical insurance fund, and individual residents should be vaccinated free of charge. Second, the medical insurance fund is mainly borne by using the balance over the years, which does not affect the income and expenditure of the fund in the current period, that is to say, it will not affect the medical treatment of the people in the current period.

　　Shi Zihai said that this is a special measure to deal with special events, which fully embodies the CPC Central Committee’s concept of upholding people first and life first, fully embodies the superiority of the socialist system, and is conducive to quickly establishing an immune barrier, maintaining normal production and living order, and also helping to protect the fundamental interests of the people to the maximum extent.

　　At present, the National Medical Insurance Bureau has worked with relevant departments to study and formulate a detailed operation plan for the protection of vaccines and vaccination costs after the conditional marketing of vaccines. In the next step, we will guide all localities to seriously organize and implement the good policies of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

　　Regarding the accumulated balance of the medical insurance fund, Shi Zihai said that according to the statistical express, the total income of the fund in 2020 is 2.4 trillion yuan, and the expenditure is about 2.1 trillion yuan. The balance in that year is 270 billion yuan, and the accumulated balance over the years exceeds 3 trillion yuan. At present, the overall operation of the fund is stable, and the balance is generally abundant. The use of the balance will not affect the people’s current medical insurance benefits.

　　Shi Zihai also pointed out that although the current accumulated balance is relatively large, one-third of it is personal accounts, and the overall fund balance is about 2 trillion yuan. Moreover, the regional distribution of the fund balance is very uneven, mainly concentrated in some provinces with population inflows, and the degree of concentration is still increasing. According to statistics, in the six eastern provinces and cities with large population inflows, the accumulated balance of employee medical insurance funds accounted for 44.7% of the country in 2010, and it has risen to 56.6% last year. Especially with the economic growth from high-speed to medium-high-speed, the aging of the population, the change of disease spectrum and the progress of medical technology, the medical expenses are increasing, and the growth rate of fund income is lower than the growth rate of expenditure, which will become the new normal, and there is some pressure on the long-term balance of medical security funds.

　　"In the next step, we will carefully analyze the operation of the medical insurance fund, and actively strengthen the supervision and management of the use of the medical insurance fund with relevant departments to ensure the long-term sustainable and balanced operation of the fund." Shi Zihai emphasized that on the whole, there is no problem for the medical insurance fund to bear the cost of vaccines and vaccination.

　　Since the three major operators launched unlimited packages, the regulation that traffic usage will be limited after reaching a certain threshold is not well known and has been criticized by users.

　　Recently, a number of users reported to the complaint platform of the quality report column that during the use of unlimited packages, they were notified by SMS of operators to slow down, and some "WeChat couldn’t get on for a long time", and some even normal work was affected. Although some packages can restore the normal internet access speed by purchasing a flow refueling package, users still say that they have been cheated, because when handling packages, operators focus on "unlimited flow" and "free use", but rarely mention the "speed limit" regulation.

　　The Paper combed and found that most of the online business halls of local operators advertised unlimited packages at the top. Only by clicking on the product details page can you see the speed limit plan marked in gray or fine print.

　　In addition, in order to promote a variety of unlimited packages, the three major operators often reduce the monthly fee by giving away the phone bill in the early stage of package use, and focus on promoting the discounted price, and then the package is "more expensive".

　　Analysts pointed out that operators should adjust their promotion strategies and make clear the unlimited traffic.

　　Also worthy of users’ attention is the free service of APP exclusive traffic launched by operators in cooperation with Internet companies. The reporter found out that these free exclusive traffic actually contains a number of exclusion rules, and some operations and services on the APP cannot be used, so they can only pay extra traffic charges.

　　"Unlimited" can be seen everywhere, and "speed limit" stipulates that small notes should be found.

　　A user in Haikou, Hainan reported that she bought an unlimited family package of China Mobile 98 yuan. I usually like to play Tik Tok, Weibo and WeChat, because I have opened hot spots for my friends to use, and I will run out of 20G in the middle and late of each month. After 20G was used up, the Internet speed dropped to a point where it was difficult to log in even to WeChat, and it was extremely difficult to send text and browse pictures at most. It was only after consulting customer service and re-purchasing 15 yuan 3G domestic traffic acceleration package that it returned to normal.

　　Another user from Jiangsu said that the China Telecom 99 yuan unlimited package he handled also had a speed limit after 20G, and he didn’t notice the regulation until the operator sent a text message. "I usually watch TV dramas and national karaoke, but the problem is that this product can’t be called unlimited."

　　In response to the speed limit problem reflected by netizens, the reporter consulted the websites of online business halls of China Unicom, China Mobile and China Telecom in many places, and found that most of the front pages of business halls advertised unlimited packages. The slogans included "unlimited traffic", "unlimited traffic" and "unlimited sharing", but almost no tips about speed limit were found.

　　Click to enter a product page. In most cases, the word "unlimited" can be seen everywhere, while the prompt for slowing down is generally behind, and it is indicated in inconspicuous small print or gray body.

　　For example, in the details page of China Telecom’s official website Tianyi national unlimited package, the first thing that catches your eye is still the bold slogan — — "If you want to watch the live broadcast, you can watch it, and the traffic is willful." In the tariff table at the lower position, the column of national traffic only indicates "unlimited". The speed limit regulations can only be found in the small print notes below if you look carefully. According to the note, 99 yuan -999 yuan packages with different stalls have different deceleration thresholds of 20-80G. After the cumulative domestic mobile Internet traffic reaches the corresponding threshold in the current month, the Internet access rate drops to 1Mbps, and it will resume in the next month.

China Telecom official website Unlimited Package Details Page

　　China Mobile’s "Let Me Use" national unlimited package in 88 yuan is more complicated and distributed in different interfaces. The details page shows that the traffic in the package is only 2G, and another 12 months of 8G domestic traffic is given, while the traffic outside the package emphasizes that "domestic traffic is unlimited and can be used at will".

China Mobile’s Unlimited Package Product Details Page

　　Only by clicking to enter another interface of tariff standard, the last item of tariff rules explains that the traffic outside the package will slow down the internet access speed. According to the rules, if 9 yuan 3G domestic traffic refueling package is handled at this time, the Internet speed can be restored.

　　As for the speed reduction regulation after the total usage flow reaches 100G, you can only find it in the warm prompt interface — — The network speed will drop below 128Kbps.

The speed limit rules with different usage are distributed in two different interfaces.

　　It is also difficult to find the regulations on speed limit on the homepage interface of the network halls of China Unicom. However, in comparison, you can see a clearer "speed limit description" by clicking into the unlimited package of big and small ice cards, and the bold font is used uniformly.

On the inner page of an unlimited ice cream package in a certain area of China Unicom, the speed limit description is clearer and marked in bold font.

　　For the promotion of unlimited packages in the offline business hall, many users also reported that the staff publicized "unlimited" and "free use" when handling, and most of the speed limit regulations were not mentioned. However, the SMS reminder received after the successful package is too long, and the speed limit reminder is often easily ignored by users.

　　Insiders: There is nothing wrong with the speed limit, but the fault lies in the promotion method.

　　In fact, it has long been an international practice to over-limit unlimited packages.

　　According to the People’s Post and Telecommunications, the consideration of over-limit design is to ensure that most users can use the mobile network fairly and reasonably. In 2007, when Apple’s mobile phone became popular in the United States, users’ demand for mobile Internet access was greatly stimulated. American telecom operators started unlimited package plans, but because there were no restrictions, the user experience dropped significantly, and finally operators stopped developing unlimited packages.

　　According to some technical experts, due to the limited total bandwidth of the shared base station in the mobile network, if many users occupy the mobile network at high speed at the same time, it may cause network congestion. According to the principle of "first come, first served", users who want to access the Internet later will not be able to access the Internet and need to wait in line. At the same time, the internet speed of other users who are already online will also become "turtle speed", and the experience will become worse. Therefore, at present, the unlimited packages around the world are all designed in steps — — First, meet the maximum network speed promised by the vast majority of users. After reaching the speed limit, the network speed will drop.

　　However, despite this, Liu Qicheng, editor-in-chief of all media who has been concerned about the development of the domestic communication industry for many years and the communication world, said that he could not agree with the current promotion methods of domestic operators.

　　"(Operators should) clearly explain the unlimited traffic, and it is best to clearly explain what 10 G’s can do and what they can achieve, instead of simply emphasizing unlimited, weakening the speed limit information, marking it with small words or casually mentioning it to you." Liu Qicheng said.

　　For example, Liu Qicheng said that the Internet access rate in the 2G era can only reach 9.6Kb, and it can reach 1-2Mb in the 3G era. However, in today’s 4G era, the ideal situation can reach 5-10Mb, and generally it can reach 2-4Mb. Therefore, once the limit is limited, the user’s experience will inevitably deteriorate significantly, not to mention the fact that the user’s expectation is infinitely improved.

On the homepage of official website in a certain area of China Telecom, it can be seen that the "unlimited" package promotion is obvious, and "unlimited" is promoted in bold font, but there is no mention of "speed limit" and other regulations.

　　The monthly fee is "more expensive", and the APP is free of many restrictions on traffic.

　　In addition to the difficulty in finding the speed limit, The Paper found that some unlimited packages launched by operators will make users feel "more expensive" because they offer a large number of preferential prices in the early stage.

　　For example, China Mobile launched an unlimited package with a preferential price of 68 yuan, and its original price was 128 yuan. After recharging, the monthly fee of new users dropped by as much as 60 yuan, and it dropped by 30 yuan after 12 months, and the original price was restored after 24 months.

　　A similar situation exists in a number of unlimited packages launched by China Telecom. Among them, the monthly fee for the Premium Edition of Grand Card is 46 yuan. In the first 12 months, 25 yuan phone bill will be given every month, and the monthly fee will be reduced to 21 yuan, and the original price will be restored one year later.

　　In contrast, China Unicom’s unlimited packages have not adopted the above-mentioned long-term preferential way. At present, the "Big Ice Card" and the "Little Ice Card" packages are paid in one lump sum by pre-storing the phone bill from 99 yuan to 100 yuan and pre-storing the phone bill from 49 yuan to 50 yuan respectively.

The unlimited package launched by China Mobile in a certain place has a large number of phone bill concessions in the first 24 months, and then the original price is restored.

China Telecom launched a premium version of the Grand Card package, giving away more than half a month’s phone bill in the first 12 months, and restoring the original price one year later.

　　Fu Liang, a telecom analyst who has been paying attention to the Internet and communication for a long time, believes that the one-time discount method not only gives discounts to new users, but also avoids the situation that the package is "more expensive to use". "The ideal way is to operate a user from the moment the user enters the door, so that users can feel cheaper and cheaper tariffs and better service, instead of attracting users with high preferential policies and then letting them go."

　　In addition to the increasingly expensive monthly fee, The Paper also found that the exclusive traffic is not applicable to all operations in the traffic-free package that operators cooperate with Internet companies.

　　For example, the "Let Me Watch" video traffic package promotion launched by China Mobile can be used exclusively on many video apps such as Mi Gu Video and Tencent Video, but the scope of use of these targeted traffic is still limited — — The traffic generated by online viewing/downloading/caching of pictures, texts, advertisements in videos, barrage, third-party advertisements, etc. in the APP is not within the exclusive traffic use range, that is, users need to pay extra traffic fees for it.

Description of the scope of use of exclusive mobile video traffic in Migu Video APP.

　　Tencent Wangka (including Dawang Card, Diwang Card and Tianwang Card) jointly launched by China Unicom and Tencent also has similar regulations, although it claims that "over 100 APPlications are free of traffic" and "Say goodbye to Wifi and use it whenever you want". The exclusive traffic description at the bottom of the introduction page shows that services such as web pages and videos provided by third parties on the app, such as mobile news network, sogou, Baidu, iQiyi video, Ctrip and JD.COM, are not Tencent. In addition, the streaming-free range of a variety of live apps is limited to watching live broadcasts and playing videos, while using mobile phones for live broadcasts, uploading videos, loading text and pictures in live broadcasts, and video on demand are not within the exclusive traffic range.

The scope of application of the exclusive traffic of Dawang Card jointly launched by Unicom and Tencent.

　　In this regard, some netizens said that because they didn’t notice the relevant reminders, after running an APP directional flow card, the phone bill did not drop but increased, and the above rules were discovered after consultation.

　　Ma Jihua, an analyst in the telecommunications industry, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com this year that the publicity of targeted traffic is still vague, mainly depending on how the APP and the basic manufacturers negotiate, but the contract will not be publicized to users, and there is no unified standard for publicity.

　　(Reporter Wen Wei Intern Yan Xiaoyan)

　　(Original title:Unlimited mobile phone traffic packages are spit out: "unlimited" is very big, and "speed limit" is hard to find)